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Eight Therapeutic Methods and Classification of Prescription in ShanHanZaBingLun GuiLinGuBon

Article information

J Korean Med. 2025;46(1):29-41
Publication date (electronic) : 2025 March 01
doi : https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.25003
Jang Eunsu1orcid_icon, Han Woojin2orcid_icon, Heo Wonyoung3,orcid_icon
1Department of Diagnosis, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University
2Korean Medical Clinics of Gamchodang
3Korean Medical Hospital of Seonwoon
Correspondence to: Heo Wonyoung, Korean Medical Hospital of Seonwoon, Tel: +82-55-752-0000, Fax: +82-55-755-9800, E-mail: rizis@naver.com
Received 2024 November 25; Revised 2024 December 24; Accepted 2025 February 12.

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to accurately define the therapeutic methods mentioned in the ShanHanZaBingLun GuiLinGuBon and to understand how prescriptions are classified accordingly.

Methods

In this study, the terminology was summarized using the edition of ShanHanZaBingLun GuiLinGuBon published by the Eui-Seong-Dang in 2004.

Results

The treatment methods could be organized into the therapeutic methods of vomiting, urinating, harmonizing, warming, strengthening, sweating, cooling, and defecating. There was no mention of ‘Sobeop’ which had mentioned in the previous researches and urinating method was mentioned instead. There were nineteen’s therapeutic confirmed Prescriptions as followed, Goache-san in vomiting therapy, ShinGi-hwan, in urinating therapy, JoWiSeunggi-tang, Soseunggi-tang, Soshiho-tang, Jisiljagyag-san in harmonizing therapy, Saeyeok-tang/san, Yijung-tang/hwan, Osuyu-tang in warming therapy, Gyemagakban-tang, Gyeji-tang, Mahwang-tang, GyejigaHwanggi-tang in sweating therapy, and JoWiSeunggi-tang, Daesiho-tang, Doinseunggi-tang, Jeodang-tang/hwan, Daehamhyung-hwan/tang, Daehwangchoseog-tang, Daeseunggi-tang, Soseunggi-tang in defecating therapy. There were seventeen’s strongly inferred prescriptions and two hundreds and three’s inferred prescriptions. There were thirty two’s unconfirmed therapeutic prescriptions.

Conclusions

The number of therapeutic methods mentioned in the ShanHanZaBingLun is eight; vomiting, urinating, harmonizing, warming, strengthening, sweating, cooling, and defecating therapy. Most of prescriptions seems to be classified into one of eight therapy. Further study is needed for therapeutic classification of unclear prescriptions.

Keywords: SangHanLun(傷寒論); GuiLinGuBon(桂林古本); Zhang Zhong-Jing Eight therapeutic methods; Treatment Method

The Therapeutic Classification, Provisions and Terminology

The Confirmed Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=19)

The Strongly Inferred Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=17)

The Inferred Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=203)

The Unconfirmed Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=32)

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Appendices

Appendix 1. The Terminology in Provisions by Therapeutic Classification

jkm-46-1-29-Appendix-1.pdf

Appendix 2. The Confirmed Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification

jkm-46-1-29-Appendix-2.pdf

Appendix 3. The Strongly Inferred Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification

jkm-46-1-29-Appendix-3.pdf

Article information Continued

Table 1

The Therapeutic Classification, Provisions and Terminology

Therapeutic Terminology Provisions Number Therapeutic Classification
吐之, 若吐 316, 473, 590, 692 Vomiting Therapy
利其小便, 若利小便 467, 485 Urinating Therapy
和之 556 Harmonizing Therapy
復其陽, 溫之, 灸之, 溫裏, 溫其裏 330, 605, 641, 710 Warming Therapy
救液, 虛勞法, 補之, 補不足 330, 575, 816, 213 Strengthening Therapy
若發汗, 發汗, 解表, 汗解, 解肌, 解其外 485, 540, 471, 574, 317, 759 Sweating Therapy
徹其熱, 除其熱 671 Cooling Therapy
若下, 下之 316, 558 Defecating Therapy
攻之, 攻其熱, 攻其表, 攻表, 攻裏 228, 409, 499, 710, 513 Urinating/Sweating/Cooling/Defecating Therapy

Table 2

The Confirmed Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=19)

Classification Provisions Number Prescription
Vomiting Therapy 473, 590, 692 瓜蒂散
Urinating Therapy 960 腎氣丸
Harmonizing Therapy 329, 372 調胃承氣湯
513, 514, 556, 557 小承氣湯
536 小柴胡湯
940 枳實芍藥散
Warming Therapy 605, 661, 662, 710 四逆輩(四逆湯)/四逆散
580, 605, 753/782 理中輩(理中湯)/理中丸
579 吳茱萸湯
Sweating Therapy 323 桂枝麻黃各半湯
269, 317, 329, 342, 344, 345, 353, 354, 356, 357, 395, 398, 471, 540, 546, 604, 710, 759 桂枝湯
351, 352, 541 麻黃湯
574 桂枝加黃耆湯
Defecating Therapy 397 調胃承氣湯
406 大柴胡湯
409 桃仁承氣湯(桃核承氣湯)
429, 543 抵當丸/抵當湯
439 大陷胸丸/大陷胸湯
521, 523, 526, 546, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 658, 659, 660 大承氣湯
571 大黃硝石湯
616 承氣輩(大承氣湯, 小承氣湯, 調胃承氣湯)

Table 3

The Strongly Inferred Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=17)

Strongly Inferenced Therapy Classification Provisions Number and Key Word Prescription
Warming Therapy 613(虛故) 理中加黃耆湯
Strengthening Therapy 575(虛勞法), 812(虛勞裏急) 小建中湯
329(其脚卽伸), 330(以救液) 芍藥甘草湯
370(虛故) 芍藥甘草附子湯
570(津液枯燥) 豬膏髮煎
611(津液傷) 人參白朮芍藥甘草湯
Cooling Therapy 334(熱未解) 葛根黃連黃芩甘草湯
481(裏有熱), 688(裏有熱) 白虎湯
462(攻痞) 大黃黃連黃芩瀉心湯
671(徹其熱, 除其熱) 黃芩湯
Urinating Therapy 328(小便不利) 桂枝去桂加茯苓白朮湯
373, 375, 442, 464, 550, 737(小便不利) 五笭散
574(但利其小便) 五苓散加茵陳蒿
375(小便不利), 693(先治水) 茯苓甘草湯
410(小便不利) 柴胡加龍骨牡蠣湯
529(小便不利), 530(復利其小便) 豬苓湯
542, 565(小便不利) 茵陳蒿湯

Table 4

The Inferred Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=203)

Classification Prescription
Urinating Therapy 甘草麻黃湯, 桂枝去芍藥加茯苓白朮湯, 栝蔞瞿麥薯蕷丸, 葵子茯苓散, 桔梗甘草茯苓澤瀉湯, 當歸四逆加吳茱萸生 薑附子湯, 當歸四逆加人參附子湯, 當歸四逆湯, 當歸芍藥散, 當歸貝母苦參丸, 麻黃附子甘草湯, 麻黃連翹赤小豆湯, 牡蠣澤瀉散, 木防己湯, 半夏茯苓湯, 半夏厚朴茯苓生薑湯, 防己茯苓湯, 防己黃耆湯, 百合滑石代赭湯, 百合滑石散, 茯苓桂枝甘草大棗湯, 茯苓桂枝白朮甘草湯, 茯苓白朮甘草湯, 茯苓白朮戎鹽湯, 茯苓四逆湯, 茯苓澤瀉湯, 茯苓杏 仁甘草湯, 燒裩散, 小半夏加茯苓湯, 小柴胡加茯苓白朮湯, 小柴胡加茯苓湯, 柴胡加龍骨牡蠣湯, 連翹阿膠半夏赤小 豆湯, 禹餘糧丸, 越婢加朮湯(越婢加白朮湯), 人參地黃龍骨牡蠣茯苓湯, 葶藶大棗瀉肺湯, 枳實白朮湯, 眞武湯, 澤瀉 湯, 澤漆湯, 滑石亂髮白魚散, 黃連茯苓湯.
Harmonizing Therapy 葛根加半夏湯, 葛根湯, 甘草瀉心湯, 乾薑黃芩黃連人參湯, 桂枝加葛根湯, 桂枝甘草龍骨牡蠣湯, 桂枝去芍藥加牡蠣 龍骨救逆湯, 桂枝茯苓丸, 桂枝生薑枳實湯, 桂枝龍骨牡蠣湯, 桂枝芍藥知母甘草湯, 苦酒湯, 栝蔞桂枝湯, 栝蔞薤白 半夏湯, 栝蔞薤白白酒湯, 橘皮竹茹湯, 橘皮枳實生薑湯, 橘皮湯, 當歸散, 大黃厚朴枳實半夏甘草湯, 麻黃升麻湯, 麥 門冬湯, 礬石丸, 半夏乾薑散, 半夏麻黃丸, 半夏瀉心湯, 半夏散及湯, 排膿散, 白頭翁加阿膠甘草湯(白頭翁加甘草阿 膠湯), 白蜜煎, 白散(桔梗白散), 柏葉阿膠湯, 柏葉湯, 白朮散, 白朮石膏半夏乾薑湯, 白朮枳實乾薑白蜜湯, 白朮枳實 桃仁乾薑湯, 白通加猪膽汁湯, 白虎加桂枝人參湯, 白虎加桂枝湯, 白虎加人參湯, 鱉甲煎丸, 附子瀉心湯, 奔豚湯, 射 干麻黃湯, 四逆加吳茱萸黃連湯, 酸棗仁湯, 生薑半夏湯, 生薑瀉心湯, 旋覆代赭湯, 小半夏湯, 小靑龍加石膏湯, 小靑 龍湯, 三物小陷胸湯(小陷胸湯), 升麻鱉甲去雄黃蜀椒湯, 升麻鱉甲湯, 柴胡桂薑湯(柴胡桂枝乾薑湯), 柴胡桂枝湯, 柴 胡枳實芍藥甘草湯, 烏頭麻黃黃耆芍藥甘草湯, 烏梅丸, 溫經湯, 王瓜根散, 越婢加半夏湯, 理中加人參栝蔞根湯, 竹葉 石膏湯, 竹葉湯, 竹皮大丸, 枳實薤白桂枝厚朴栝蔞湯, 蜘蛛散, 天雄散, 蜀漆散, 梔子甘草豉湯, 梔子乾薑湯, 梔子生 薑豉湯, 梔子湯, 梔子厚朴枳實湯, 通脈四逆加豬膽汁湯, 黃芩加半夏生薑湯, 黃連粉, 黃連阿膠湯, 黃連湯, 黃土湯, 厚 朴麻黃湯, 厚朴四物湯, 厚朴生薑半夏甘草人參湯, 厚朴枳實白朮甘草湯, 厚朴七物湯.
Warming Therapy 訶黎勒散, 甘草乾薑湯, 乾薑附子湯, 桂枝加桂湯, 桂枝加附子湯, 桂枝甘草湯, 桂枝去芍藥加附子湯, 桂枝去芍藥加人 參生薑湯, 桂枝去芍藥湯, 桂枝人參湯, 桔梗湯, 大建中湯, 大烏頭煎, 桃花湯, 蜜煎導, 排膿湯, 白通湯, 蛇床子散, 四逆 加人參湯, 旋覆花湯, 烏頭桂枝湯, 烏頭赤石脂丸, 理中加附子湯, 理中加黃耆湯, 人參乾薑湯, 人參附子湯, 赤石脂禹 餘糧湯, 皂莢丸, 通脈四逆湯, 紅藍花酒, 黃耆當歸湯.
Strengthening Therapy 甘草湯, 桂枝加芍藥湯, 膠薑湯, 膠艾湯, 當歸生薑羊肉湯, 地黃半夏牡蠣酸棗仁湯, 黃耆建中湯.
Sweating Therapy 桂枝加厚朴杏子湯(桂枝湯加厚朴杏子), 桂枝二越婢一湯, 大靑龍湯, 麻黃杏仁甘草石膏湯, 桂枝二麻黃一湯, 越婢湯.
Cooling Therapy 苦參湯, 栝蔞牡蠣散, 狼牙湯, 白頭翁湯, 百合鷄子黃湯, 百合洗方, 百合知母湯, 百合地黃湯, 瀉心湯, 紫參湯, 猪膽汁, 枳實梔子豉湯, 梔子大黃湯, 梔子柏皮湯, 梔子豉湯.
Defecating Therapy 甘遂半夏湯, 桂枝加大黃湯, 大黃甘遂阿膠湯, 大黃牡丹湯, 大黃附子細辛湯, 桃仁承氣湯(桃核承氣湯), 麻子仁丸, 木 防己去石膏加茯苓芒硝湯, 防己椒目葶藶大黃丸, 柴胡加芒硝湯, 十棗湯, 枳實梔子豉湯加大黃, 下瘀血湯.

Table 5

The Unconfirmed Prescriptions by Therapeutic Classification (N=32)

Classification Prescription
Unidentified 甘草粉蜜湯, 甘草小麥大棗湯, 乾薑人參半夏丸, 桂枝加附子當歸細辛人參乾薑湯, 桂枝甘草麻黃生薑大棗細辛附子湯(桂薑棗草黃辛附湯), 桂枝當歸牡丹皮桃仁枳實湯, 桂枝茯苓枳實芍藥甘草湯, 九痛丸, 大黃蟅蟲丸, 麻黃加朮湯, 麻黃附子細辛湯, 麻黃杏仁薏苡甘草湯, 文蛤散(文蛤湯), 白朮茯苓半夏枳實湯, 百合貝母茯苓桔梗湯, 附子粳米湯, 附子湯, 王不留行散, 雄黃散, 薏苡附子散, 薏苡附子敗醬散, 炙甘草湯, 豬膚湯, 赤豆當歸散, 葶藶栝蔞桔梗牡丹湯, 竹葉石膏黃芩澤瀉半夏甘草湯, 硝石礬石散, 黃耆桂枝五物湯, 黃耆五物加乾薑半夏湯, 黃耆芍藥桂枝湯, 黃連阿膠半夏桃仁茯苓湯, 厚朴大黃湯