Analysis of the Status of Convalescent Hospitals Certified from January to March 2024: Focus on Korean Medicine Services

Article information

J Korean Med. 2024;45(3):131-142
Publication date (electronic) : 2024 September 1
doi : https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.24044
1Hwanggeum convalescent hospital
2Haengpa Korean Medicine clinic
Correspondence to: Hae-chang Yoon, Hwanggeum convalescent hospital, 3F, 216, Suseong-ro, Suseong-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82-53-765-1111, Fax: +82-50-4392-9435, E-mail: yoon5100@naver.com
Received 2024 July 22; Revised 2024 August 20; Accepted 2024 August 20.

Abstract

Background

The Republic of Korea has maintained a stable number of convalescent hospitals; however, the presence of Korean Medicine(KM) doctors in such establishments has increased. Despite this trend, it is hard to find the recent researches on KM within convalescent hospitals.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the current status of convalescent hospitals, particularly focused on patient characteristics and the provision of KM.

Method

Data were obtained from the Health Insurance Review&Assessment Service, relying on the Korea Institute Healthcare Accreditation, spanning from January to March 2024. Analysis was conducted through the categorization of in-patients and the provision of KM, utilizing R software.

Results

Among the 143 convalescent hospitals, the majority(83.9%) provided KM, with 43.4% of them located near Seoul. Convalescent hospitals offering KM were characterized by a higher number of doctors(p=0.003) and a greater total bed number(p<0.001). The hospitals with KM specializing in dementia care located near Seoul and exhibited a higher proportion of doctors, total beds(p=0.010), uninsured beds, grade of certification evaluation(Gr) and supported activities of daily living(ADL)(p<0.001, respectively). However, the hospitals with KM specializing in cancer care had higher rate of doctors(p=0.036), total beds, uninsured beds, Gr, and average daily out-of-pocket per person and lower levels of self ADL(p<0.001, respectively). In addition, the hospitals with specialists in KM belonging to dementia care only located near Seoul(p=0.042) and exhibited a higher rate of total beds(p=0.007).

Conclusion

These findings indicate significant differences among convalescent hospitals based on patient characteristics and the provision of KM. Consequently, such distinctions merit consideration in future studies.

Variables of All Convalescent Hospitals according to Korean Medicine Service

Variables of Convalescent Hospitals Major in Dementia Patients according to Korean Medicine Service

Variables of Convalescent Hospitals Major in Cancer Patients according to Korean Medicine Service

Variables of Convalescent Hospitals Major in Dementia Patients according to Specialists of Korean Medicine

References

1. Statistics Korea. Population census [cited 2024 Aug 10]. Available from: URL:https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1IN1503&conn_path=I2.
2. Statistics Korea. Future population estimation [cited 2024 Aug 10]. Available from: URL:https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1BPA003&conn_path=I2.
3. Ga H.. 2017;Establishment of the Roles of Convalescent Hospitals and Nursing Homes. Healthcare policy forum 15(2):15–19.
4. Article 3 of the Medical Law Korea Ministry of Government Legislation; [cited 2024 May 31]. Available from: URL:https://www.law.go.kr/lsInfoP.do?lsiSeq=251195&efYd=20240520#0000.
5. Kang T.R., Lee S. R.. 2015;A Study on the Position and Role of Korean Medicine Doctors Working at Long-Term Care Hospitals. J Soc Prevent Korean Med 19(3):77–90.
6. National Health Insurance Service & Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Health insurance statistics Status of medical institutions by city and province; [cited 2024 May 31]. Available from: URL: https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=354&tblId=DT_MIRE01&conn_path=I2.
7. National Health Insurance Service & Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Health insurance statistics Status of medical personnel by type of medical institutions; [cited 2024 May 31]. Available from: URL: https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=354&tblId=DT_HIRA44&conn_path=I2.
8. Ga H.. 2016. Guidelines for Elderly Care in Covalescent Hospitals for Doctors and Nurses Republic of Korea: Koonja.
9. Lee J.H., Choi H.S., Kim J.S., Kim S.H.. 2017;Analysis of Western-Korean cooperative treatment in hospital-care of patients with dementia. J Acupunct Res 34(3):49–58. https://doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2017092.
10. Moon J.S., Shin H.T.. 2013;A study on burn out of K.M.D.s (Korean medicine doctors) work at convalescent hospitals in Kwang-ju and Jeon-nam, Korea. Kor J Orient Prev Med Soc 17(3):115–128.
11. Choi H.S., Lee Y.E., Kim J.S.. 2014;Analysis Study of the Korean Medical Treatments in Care Hospital. J Acupunct Res 31(1):23–33. https://doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014003.
12. Kim J.S., Kim S.J., Lee H.J.. 2013;Comparative Analysis Study of Oriental and Western Medical Insurance Fees in Long-Term Care Hospitals. J Korean Orient Med 34(1):35–51.
13. Lee Y.J.. 2007;The Relation between the kind of Medical institution and Utilization in National Health Insurance. Acad of Korean Soc Welf Adm 9(2):1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22944/kswa.2007.9.2.001.
14. Korean law information center. Ministry of Government legislation. Medical law [cited 2024 Aug 10] Available from: URL: https://www.law.go.kr/lsInfoP.do?lsiSeq=255803&efYd=20240801#0000.
15. Korean law information center. Ministry of Government legislation. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and its affiliated organizational enforcement regulations - The name and jurisdiction of the disease response center [cited 2024 Aug 10] Available from: URL: https://www.law.go.kr/lsInfoP.do?lsiSeq=262675&efYd=20240514#0000.
16. Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Detailed Implementation Plan for Assessment of Inpatient Benefit Appropriateness in Nursing Hospital [cited Aug 10 2024] Available from: URL: https://www.hira.or.kr/bbs/157/2024/04/BZ202404309928596.pdf.
17. Korea Institute Healthcare Accreditation. Certification Standards for 4th Cycle for Convalescent Hospitals Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2023.
18. Lee Y.J.. 2005;Regional Distribution and Characteristics of Health Care Resources. Acad of Korean Soc Welf Adm 22(1):255–279.
19. Subparagraph 3, Paragraph 2, Article 33 of the Medical Service Act Korea Ministry of Government Legislation; [cited 2024 May 31]. Available from: URL: https://www.law.go.kr/lsInfoP.do?lsiSeq=251195&efYd=20240520#0000.
20. Article 48 of the Medical Service Act Korea Ministry of Government Legislation; [cited 2024 May 31]. Available from: URL:https://www.law.go.kr/lsInfoP.do?lsiSeq=251195&efYd=20240520#0000.
21. Liu K., Chen Y., Lin R., Han K.. 2020;Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: a comparison with young and middle-aged patients. J Infect 80:e14–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005.
22. Oh J.H., Park K.H.. 2022;Vaccination and consequential severity and case fatality rate of COVID-19 confirmed inpatients in outbreaks at nursing hospital from September to October 2021, in Gyeonggi Province, the Republic of Korea. Public Health Weekly Report 15:305–17.
23. Lee S.W.. 2010;Air-conditioning design for a Secondary infection in Hospital facilities. J Korean Institute of Healthc Archit 16(4):51–56.
24. Ahn H.S.. 2015;A Study on the Operational Status and Survey of Convalescent Hospitals. Healthcare policy forum 12(3):100–104.
25. Korean law information center. Ministry of Government legislation. Regulations on the training and recognition of qualifications, etc. of Korean Medicine doctors [cited 2024 Aug 10] Available from: URL: https://www.law.go.kr/LSW/lsInfoP.do?lsId=005495&ancYnChk=0#0000.
26. Seo Y.K., You D.K., Kim H., Kim S.Y., Lee G.E., Kim S.H., Kang H.W., Jung I.C.. 2017;A Survey of the Recognition on the Practice Pattern, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Korean Medicine of Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment - Focusing on the Differences between Neuropsychiatrists of Korean Medicine and General Physicians -. J of Oriental Neuropsychiatry 2017;28(3):263–274. https://doi.org/10.7231/jon.2017.28.3.263.
27. Back S.J., Yu S.H., Sohn T.Y.. 2001;A Study on the optimum scale of the number of beds of both the standard and the high – class. Korean J hospital manag 6(3):109–129.
28. Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. Practical training materials for Covalescent hospital fees Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare; 2021.

Article information Continued

Table 1

Variables of All Convalescent Hospitals according to Korean Medicine Service

Korean Medicine service P value

Yes (n=120) No (n=23)
Area (n)
 Seoul, Incheon, Gyeongi, Gangwon 47 15 0.003
 Daejeon, Chungcheong, Sejong 12 6
 Daegu, Gyeongbuk 13 1
 Busan, Ulsan, Gyeongnam 33 1
 Gwangju, Honam, Jeju 15 0

Foundation (n)
 Individual 59 13 0.518
 Other 61 10

Location of facilities (n)
 Independent 90 20 0.212
 Rent 30 3

Number of doctors (n) 6.56±2.89 3.3±1.46 <0.001

Number of total beds (n) 181.82±82.07 133.52±49.11 0.003

Number of uninsured beds (n) 11.71±15.17 11.26±17.16 0.505

Grade of certification evaluation 2.6±1.09 2.61±1.37 0.752

Degree of activities of daily life of inpatients (%)
 Self 7.5±17.3 15.27±29.17 0.345
 Supported 43.74±12.73 37.53±16.35 0.084
 Dependent 49.53±15.65 49.35±19.7 0.589

Average daily out-of-pocket per person (Korean won) 86,335.4±10,967.1 83,748.3±10,504.5 0.057

Table 2

Variables of Convalescent Hospitals Major in Dementia Patients according to Korean Medicine Service

Korean Medicine service P value

Yes (n=115) No (n=20)
Area (n)
 Seoul, Incheon, Gyeongi, Gangwon 46 15 <0.001
 Daejeon, Chungcheong, Sejong 12 5
 Daegu, Gyeongbuk 12 0
 Busan, Ulsan, Gyeongnam 31 0
 Gwangju, Honam, Jeju 31 0

Foundation (n)
 Individual 58 13 0.332
 Other 57 7

Location of facilities (n)
 Independent 85 17 0.402
 Rent 30 3

Number of doctors (n) 6.69±2.87 3.55±1.39 <0.001

Number of total beds (n) 184.54±82.34 137.45±51.44 0.010

Number of uninsured beds (n) 10.77±13.82 8.95±16.47 <0.001

Grade of certification evaluation 2.55±1.07 2.6±1.31 <0.001

Degree of activities of daily life of inpatients (%)
 Self 4.26±6.04 4.62±5.23 <0.001
 Supported 44.63±11.59 42.06±11.59 <0.001
 Dependent 51.11±13.32 53.3±15.42 <0.001

Average daily out-of-pocket per person (Korean won) 87,033.72±10,573.55 86,720.35±7,471.31 <0.001

Table 3

Variables of Convalescent Hospitals Major in Cancer Patients according to Korean Medicine Service

Korean Medicine service P value

Yes (n=5) No (n=3)
Area (n)
 Seoul, Incheon, Gyeongi, Gangwon 1 0 1.000
 Daejeon, Chungcheong, Sejong 0 1
 Daegu, Gyeongbuk 1 1
 Busan, Ulsan, Gyeongnam 2 1
 Gwangju, Honam, Jeju 1 0

Foundation (n)
 Individual 1 0 1.000
 Other 4 3

Location of facilities (n)
 Independent 3 5
 Rent 0 0

Number of doctors (n) 3.6±1.34 1.67±0.58 0.036

Number of total beds (n) 119.4±45.42 107.33±14.43 <0.001

Number of uninsured beds (n) 33.2±28.23 26.67±15.89 <0.001

Grade of certification evaluation 3.8±0.84 2.67±2.08 <0.001

Degree of activities of daily life of inpatients (%)
 Self 82.12±24.43 86.2±20.43 <0.001
 Supported 14.52±18.46 7.27±9.2 0.144
 Dependent 3.36±6.6 6.53±11.32 1.000

Average daily out-of-pocket per person (Korean won) 70,274.6±7,450.58 63,934.67±2,508.16 <0.001

Table 4

Variables of Convalescent Hospitals Major in Dementia Patients according to Specialists of Korean Medicine

Specialist of Korean Medicine P value

Yes (n=12) No (n=123)
Area (n)
 Seoul, Incheon, Gyeongi, Gangwon 3 58 0.042
 Daejeon, Chungcheong, Sejong 0 17
 Daegu, Gyeongbuk 1 11
 Busan, Ulsan, Gyeongnam 4 27
 Gwangju, Honam, Jeju 4 10

Foundation (n)
 Individual 9 62 0.134
 Other 3 61

Location of facilities (n)
 Independent 8 94 0.487
 Rent 4 29

Number of doctors (n) 7.17±2.52 6.13±2.95 0.115

Number of total beds (n) 201.5±63.17 175.23±81.46 0.007

Number of uninsured beds (n) 15.67±18.00 10.00±13.76 0.211

Grade of certification evaluation 2.33±1.15 2.58±1.10 0.440

Degree of activities of daily life of inpatients (%)
 Self 2.70±3.73 4.47±6.07 0.350
 Supported 47.66±9.52 43.92±11.74 0.229
 Dependent 49.62±10.27 51.61±13.91 0.588

Average daily out-of-pocket per person (Korean won) 82,651.75±23,549.65 87,410.28±7,819.40 0.565