Liu 20218), China, RCTs |
PD, 65±7/67±7, 7.50±3.27/7. 33±3.39, II~V |
Scalp AT+Huatuo Jiaji point (n=30) |
MA (n=30) |
6 times/w for 4 weeks |
bilateral motor zone, bilateral dance tremor, Huatuo Jiaji points |
1) UPDRS V
2) Webster scale
3) total UPDRS
|
1) A>B, p<0.05
2) (A:24.83±1.51, 16.87±1.28/B:24.47±1.50, 19.20±1. 86)*
3) (A:109.80±2.19, 85.17±3.27/B:109.37±2.19, 100.83 ±4.55)*
|
NR |
Cai 20209), China, RCTs |
PD, 69.10±7.46/69.69±7.82, 4.24±0.60/4. 48±0.94, NR |
Abdominal AT + CM(tolterodi ne tartrate tablets) (n=29) |
CM(tolterodi ne tartrate tablets) (n=29) |
5 times/w for 4 weeks |
CV12, CV10, CV6, CV4, CV3, KI13, CV9, ST28 |
1) no. of nocturia
2) N-QOL
3) PDSS
|
1) (A:4.06±1.42, 2.44±0.86/B:4.24±1.40, 3.06±1.24)*
2) (A:20.10±8.20, 31.79±8.42/B:20.38±6. 69, 26.93±8.94)*
3) (A:95.21±18.07, 116.14±3.15/B:96.86±15.59, 106.14±2.69)*
|
A: numbness of the needle area 1, temporary dizziness 1
B: bloating 1, dry mouth 1, palpitations 1,
• difference in incidence of adverse events: NS (p>0.05)
|
Kim 202010), USA, RCTs |
IPD, NR |
MA + Qigong meditation (n=10) |
Qigong meditation (n=11) |
12 times/m for 1month |
bilateral GB20, LI4, Du14, Du16 |
|
1) pre, post M.D±S.D (A:−5.6±5.15/B:−4.8±3.80)
2) pre, post M.D±S.D (A:−10.3±4.37/B:−12.6±1.77)
|
NR |
Li 202011), China, RCTs |
PD, 71±5/68±7, 6.25/6.00, 2.5/2 |
EA + CM (keep previous medications) (n=30) |
CM (keep previous medications) (n=30) |
3 times/w for 12 weeks |
bilateral GV21~GB5, frontal EX-HN1(Shencon g)~GB6, LI11, LI4, GB34, ST36, SP6, KI3, LR3 |
|
1) (A:31.80±14.25, 27.20±13.51/B:30.23±13.14, 38.00±13.06)*
2) (A:34.50±16.02, 30.63±13.35/B:33.10±16.00, 38.06±18.14)*
3) ①pre, post median(quartile range) (A:17.44(13.95,22.21),16.24(14.46,20.11)/B:16.51(15.07,23.42),17.75(16.30,23.75))* ②pre, post mean±S.D(A:0.61±0.15, 0.67±0.12/B:0.62±0.12, 0.58±0.09)*
|
NR |
Liang 202012), China, RCTs |
PD, 51.0±2.5/53. 0±2.5, 6.02±2.54/5. 98±2.46, I~III |
TTNcVLFES + RRT (n=25) |
MA + RRT(n=25) |
1 time/d for 30 days |
CV23, its left and right sides to make a 1-inch straight puncture. |
|
1) A>B, p<0.05,
2) (A:3.49±1.02, 8.12±1.23/B:3.51±1.18, 5.79±1.65)*
3) (A:102.52±17.95,197.91±18.75/B:102.79±16.85,181.32±17.88)*
4) (A:88/B:68)*
|
NR |
Liu 202013), China, RCTs |
PD, 61±8/62 ±9, 6.10±4.43/5. 93±4.83, NR |
MA + Sling exercise + CM(n=24) |
Sling exercise + CM (n=23) |
5 times/w for 4 weeks |
GV15, bilateral BL10, GB20, GB12 |
LOS by NeuroCom Balance Master (NeuroCom® International, Inc. Oregon,USA)
1) RT (s)
2) MVL (°/s)
3) EPE (%)
4) MXE (%)
5) DCL(%)
|
1) (A:1.03±0.23, 0.55±0.26/B:1.09±0.22, 0.88±0.08)*
2) (A:2.42±1.56, 3.48±0.94/B:2.31±1.14, 2.63±0.98)*
3) (A:50.88±17.20, 68.29±6.77/B:50.43±14.22, 57.17±11.36)*
4) (A:60.62±18.52, 83.17±6.48/B:62.52±15.27, 68.78±12.00)*
5) (A:62.50±15.61, 82.00±5.44*/B:66.00±11.34, 79.70±6.02*),
|
NR |
Wanga 202014), China, RCTs |
PD, 63/64, 234±140 d/228±136d, NR |
PTNTCEN + SRT(n=20) |
SRT(n=20) |
2~3 courses (depends on condition, 1 course =10 times) |
PTN(tip of the tongue, EX-HN12, EX-HN13, posterior pharyngeal wall) + TCEN (GV20,GV23, LI4,LI11,TE5, LR3,ST36,SP6) |
|
1) (A:85/B:70)*
2) (A:3.65±1.28,6.70±1.60/B:3.90±1.30, 5.05±0.92)*
3) (A:42.3±3.2, 88.4±4.2/B:42.0±1.6, 78.7±4.9)*
|
NR |
Wangb 202015), China, RCTs |
PD, 54.0±9.2/52. 0±11.3, 1~2/1~2, NR |
Nape AT + SRT (n=60) |
SRT(n=60) |
6 times/w for 4 weeks |
bilateral GB20, Ex-HN14, Gongxue, GV23, lateral Ex-HN13, lateral Ex-HN12 |
1) SSA
2) VFSS
3) SWAL-QOL
|
1) (A:35.71±5.66, 21.67±3.34/B:35.35±5.94, 25.16±3.82)*
2) (A:3.83±1.56, 7.68±1.03/B:4.10±1.31, 5.94±1.72)*
3) (A:112.58±10.54, 137.24±12.97/B:113.95±9.84, 121.98±9.32)*
|
NR |
Xu 202016), China, RCTs |
PD, 61.73±10.28/61.95±9.77, 3.52±2.78/3. 26±2.32, I~IV |
MA + CM(Madopa r) (n=33) |
CM(Madopar ) (n=37) |
4times/w for 8 weeks |
GV17, GB19, Ex-HN1, temporal three-needle (located 2 cun to the hairline straight up from the tip of ear; the other two are 1 cun next to the first point bilaterally) |
|
1) (A:13.18±3.41, 6.36±1.69/B:14.35±4.08, 9.08±2.69)*
2) (A:12.09±2.28, 5.52±1.44/B:12.57±2.39, 9.08±3.44)*
3) (A: 33.30±6.00, 23.06±7.25/B:32.68±9.81, 27.19±10.30)
4) (A:35.61±10.02, 23.88±13.73/B:36.89±9.40, 28.84±11.68)
5) (A:5.24±2.02, 3.06±1.97/B:4.84±2.14, 5.03±1.88)*
6) (A:113.39±23.16, 125.36±17.73/B:112.78±19.72, 109.95±18.10)*
7) (A:49.91±7.78, 44.12±7.81/B:51.24±6.62, 51.35±6.74)*
|
A: fell down and had difficulty moving 1, received surgery 2, hospitalized with acute cerebral infarction 2,
B: combined with other drugs according to the condition 1 (no drug- or acupuncture-related AEs)
|
Yu 202017), China, RCTs |
PD, 68.1±14.7/58.2±13.4, 7.2±2.6/8.3 ±2.7, NR |
Superficial needling + CM (depends on condition) (n=20) |
Conventional AT (head, body) + CM (depends on condition) (n=20) |
1time/2d for 2weeks |
pain region |
|
1.1) (A:10.54±1.57, 4.07±1.35/B:10.45±0.25, 5.13±0.52)*
1.2) (A:7.44±0.83, 1.32±0.31/B:7.31±0.61,1.78±0.15)*
1.3) (A:3.32±0.56, 1.23±0.32/B:3.29±0.68, 1.65±0.12)*
2) (A:27.45±2.32, 12.56±0.80/B:27.55±3.55, 14.04±0.58)*
3) (A:47.68±11.53, 35.15±10.12/B:46.66±7.4, 40.53±7.87)*
4) (A:95/B:70)*
|
NR |
Wu 201918), China, RCTs |
PD, 67.32±10.03/66.82±9.67, 7.32±5.13/7. 68±4.97, NR |
Gongshi cerebral needle + CM (dopaserazid e) (n=30) |
CM (dopaserazide ) (n=30) |
2courses (1 course=1 time/d for 10d+1time/2d for 10d+rest for 10d) |
midline of the top of the head, from the highest point of the occipital tuberosity to the front hair, set a point every 1.5 ~ 2cm, generally take 1 to 2 points each time |
|
|
NR |
Jiang 201819), China, RCTs |
PD, 71.84±7.22/71.93±8.12, NR, I~III |
Eye AT + CM (Madopar) (n=30) |
Conventional AT(scalp, body) + CM(Madopar) (n=30) |
5times/w for 4 weeks |
on the outer area of both eyes, acupoints for lower-energizer, liver, kidney, spleen, lung, and large intestine |
|
1) (A:96.6/B:80.0)*
2) (A:96.7/B:76.7)*
|
NR |
Li 201820), China, RCTs |
PD, 65.79±6.07/62.85 ±5.00/62.17 ±7.66, 5.14±3.32/5. 03±4.73/7.33±4.62, I~III |
A. MA + CM(levodop a) (n=14) |
B. Sham AT+ CM(levodopa) (n=14) C. CM(levodopa) (n=13) |
2times/w for 12 weeks |
DU20, GB20, the Chorea-Tremor Controlled Zone |
1) UPDRS II
2) UPDRS III
3) UPDRS III-tremor score
4) UPDRS III-rigidity score
5) UPDRS III-hypokinesia score
6) UPDRS III-PIGD score
7) DC, ReHo, ALFF by fMRI brain scan
|
1) (A:12.64±5.98, 9.00±4.40*/B:11.25±4.58, 10.33±5.28/C:11.09±6.58, 12.27±7.90)
2) (A:26.00±15.07, 21.64±13.68*/B:19.50±8.49, 19.25±9.21/C:24.36±14.07, 26.73±14.03)
3) (A:1.17±0.52, 0.85±0.43*/B:0.92±0.49, 0.90±0.47/C:1.12±0.62, 1.31±0.69*)
4) (A:0.89±0.82, 0.76±0.79/B:0.52±0.54, 0.50±0.53/C:0.71±0.72, 0.80±0.64)
5) (A:0.84±0.75, 0.71±0.77/B:0.56±0.32,0.58±0.30/C:0.85±0.53, 0.91±0.52)
6) (A:0.88±0.45, 0.82±0.36/B:0.79±0.58, 0.75±0.62/C: 0.82±0.66, 0.82±0.63)
-
7) ① specific activating effect on cerebrocerebellum (DC ↓, ReHo ↓, ALFF↑)
② nonspecific effect on the spinocerebellum (ReHo ↑, ALFF↑)
③ ReHo ↑ in the thalamus and motor cortex
④ DMN, visual areas, insula activation [DC ↑, ReHo ↑, and/or ALFF↑] vs ReHo ↓, ALFF↓in PFC
|
NR (No serious AEs) |
Cho 201721), Korea, RCTs, |
IPD, 64.42±8.24/61.33±8.20/64.07±6.33, 5.08±3.68/5. 92±4.18/4.53±3.25, I~IV |
A. BVA + MA+ CM(keep previous medications) (n=24) |
B. NS +Sham AT +CM(keep previous medications) (n=24) C. CM(keep previous medications) (n=15) |
2 times/w for 12 weeks |
bilateral GB20, LI11, GB34, ST36, LR3 |
1) UPDRS II +III
2) UPDRS II
3) UPDRS III
4) PIGD
5) 20m gait number(steps)
6) 20m gait speed (s)
7) PDQL
8) BDI
9) postural stability by NeuroCom Balance Master (NeuroCom® International, Inc. Oregon,USA)
9.1) MXE (%)
9.2) DCL (%)
|
pre, post M.D±S.D
1) (A:−4.52±4.98/B:−3.83±6.55/C: +0.40±3.83), A,B:NS, A>C, p<0.05
2) (A:−2.84±3.17/B:−2.17±3.60/C:−0.07±2.05) A,B:NS, A>C, p<0.05
3) (A:−1.68±2.48/B:−1.67±3.17/C:+0.40±2.85) A,B:NS, A>C, p<0.05
4) (A:−0.96±1.74/B:−0.63±1.53/C:+0.20±1.70), A,B:NS, A>C, p<0.05
5) (A:−1.40±3.39/B:−2.67±5.21/C:−0.13±3.76)
6) (A:−2.72±8.53/B:−1.13±2.97/C:+0.53±2.95)
7) (A:12.24±11.22/B:10.04±18.32/C:15.27±13.48)
8) (A:−0.60±7.82/B:−2.71±8.57/C:−2.47±5.69)
9.1) (A:0.68±10.22/B:0.12±12.37/C:4.03±9.00)
9.2) (A:1.56±6.18/B:−1.79±11.84/C:−1.32±9.04)
|
AT: mild pain, slight bleeding, BVA: mild itchiness, mild swelling |
Aroxa 201722), Brazil, RCTs, |
IPD, 60(10)/56(12) median (interquartile range), NR, I~III |
MA (n=11) |
No treat (n=11) |
1time/w for 8weeks |
LR3, SP6, LI4, TE5, HT7, PC6, LI11, GB20 |
PDSS |
pre, post median (interquartile range) (A: 97(58), 124(57)*/B: 87(33), 126(25)) |
NR |
Lia 201723), China, RCTs |
PD, 59.18±3.15/58.51± 2.82, NR, II~IV |
MA + CM (Madopar) (n=64) |
CM (Madopar) (n=64) |
NR for 3months |
HT5, PC3, SP6, ST36, LR3, KI3, LI4, GV4, CV4, GV20, Ex-HN1, GB20, GB34, SP9, etc. acupoints were selected according to clinically validated points |
total effective rate by total UPDRS (%) |
(A: 89.06/B:75.00)*
|
A: constipation 30, insomnia 18, nausea 11, switching phenomenon 4, end-of-dose phenomenon 4,
B: constipation 46, insomnia 31, nausea 24, switching phenomenon 15, end-of-dose phenomenon 14,
• difference in incidence of adverse events: A<B (p<0.05)
|
Lib 201724), China, RCTs |
PD, 76.77±11.30/76.77±11.50, 4.60±1.54/4.67±1.7, NR |
AT (press-needle-method) (n=30) |
CM (mosapride) (n=30) |
2times/w for 30days |
CV12, CV10, CV6, CV4, BL20, BL21, BL25, BL27 |
1) PAC-QOL
2) anorectal dynamic exam
2.1) resting rectal pressure(kPa)
2.2) anal canal resting pressure(kPa)
2.3) anal systolic pressure(kPa)
2.4) initial rectal sensory volume(ml)
2.5) maximum tolerable volume(ml)
3) total effective rate by Cleveland scale and Bristol scale (%)
|
1) (A:79.17±4.74, 55.77±6.18/B:78.83±4.90, 54.13±4.07),
2.1) (A:4.43±1.59, 6.60±1.63/B:3.77±1.19, 6.20±1.00)
2.2) (A:5.90±1.30, 6.83±1.42/B:6.20±1.86, 6.97±1.50)
2.3) (A:13.90±2.56, 15.30±1.99/B:14.10±2.73, 14.90±2.02)
2.4) (A:65.27±5.14, 38.93±8.48/B:64.30±6.01, 39.90±5.38)
2.5) (A:194.70±16.73, 132.23±23.06/B:199.23±17.07, 134.47±21.35)
3) (A:81.7/B:70)*
|
NR |
Liu 201625), China, RCTs |
PD, 65±7/65±6, 4.3±1.4/4.1±1.3, III |
Tung’s AT + CM(levodop a) (n=46) |
CM(levodopa) (n=46) |
1time/d for 20 days |
shang san huang (tian huang, ming huang, qi huang), xia san huang (ren huang, de huang, shen guan), ling gu, dabai |
Walk and balance function by NeuroCom Balance Master(NeuroCom® International, Inc. Oregon,USA)
|
pre, post M.D±S.D
1.1) (A:15.2±3.9/B: 8.8±4.6)*,
1.2) (A:22.6±7.42/B:14.5±5.0)*,
2) L: left, R: right
2.1) (A:L−18.4±10.3, R−21.1±11.6/B:L−13.1±7.9, R−15.6±11.0)*,
2.2) (A:L−1.3±1.0, R−1.1±0.9/B:L−0.8±0.8, R−0.9±0.8)*,
3)(A:19.6±9.2/B:7.9±1.6)*
|
NR |
Jang 202026), Korea, RCT pilot |
PD, 65.38±7.81/61.46±8.33, 6.92±4.83/8. 38±3.88, 1.92±0.64/1. 85±0.69 |
MA + CM(NR) (n=13) |
CM(NR) (n=13) |
2 times/w for 4 weeks |
acupoints were selected according to clinically validated points |
1) GAITRite parameters by GAITRite (CIR Systems Inc, New Jersey, USA)
1.1) velocity(cm/s)
1.2) cadence (steps/min)
1.3) stride length(cm)
1.4) stride time(s)
1.5) single support time(s)
1.6) double support time(s)
1.7) swing time(s)
1.8) swing %cycle
2) hemodynamic responses of oxyhemoglobin in the cerebral cortices by fNIRS
3) UPDRSA by MDS-UPDRS
4) UPDRSM by MDS-UPDRS
|
(0,4,8w) 1.1) (A:118.34±24.86, 116.73±22.02, 120.71±19.73/B:115.88±14.50, 118.90±16.46, 123.54±17.61)
1.2) (A:120.24±10.41, 115.76±9.59, 116.84±7.83/B:120.37±8.94, 121.76±10.04, 124.07±8.74)*
1.3) (A:117.75±19.40, 120.90±18.50, 123.98±17.49/B: 115.66±10.50, 117.57±12.90, 119.87±15.19)
1.4) (A:1.01±0.09, 1.04±0.09, 1.03±0.07/1.00±0.08, 0.99±0.09,0.97±0.07)*
1.5) (A:0.38±0.03, 0.40±0.03, 0.40±0.03/B:0.38±0.02, 0.38±0.03, 0.38±0.03)*
1.6) (A:0.24±0.04, 0.24±0.05, 0.23±0.04/B:0.24±0.04, 0.23±0.04, 0.21±0.04)
1.7) (A:0.38±0.03, 0.40±0.03, 0.40±0.03/B:0.38±0.02, 0.38±0.03, 0.38±0.03)*
1.8) (A:38.30±1.58, 38.57±1.85, 38.83±1.73/B:38.42±1.26, 38.42±1.23, 39.22±1.86)
-
2) ①supplementary motor area: Channels 11(A>B. P=0.037), Channels 15 (A>B. P=0.022)
②prefrontal cortex: Channels 35(A>B. P=0.035), Channels 39(A>B. P=0.023), Channels 40 (A>B. P=0.006)
3) (A:1.92±1.55, 0.77±0.83, 0.85±0.80/B:1.83±1.03, 1.83±1.70, 1.50±1.31)*
4) (A:4.85±2.03, 2.85±1.68, 3.54±1.61/B:5.08±2.78, 4.00±2.89, 4.15±2.76)
|
NR (No serious AEs) |
Kong 201727), Singapore, RCT pilot |
PD, 66.4±6.5/62. 9±9.7, 87.2±53.2/50.1±26.4 (months), NR |
MA (n=20) |
Sham AT (Park Sham needle) (n=20) |
2 times/w for 5 weeks |
CV6, bilateral PC6, LI4, ST36, SP6, KI3 |
1) UPDRS III
2) MFI-GF
3) MFI-Total score
4) PDQ 39
5) GDS
6) ESS
|
1) (A:27.1±13.7, 22.5±12.1*/B:23.8±10.6, 23.7±10.9)
2) (A:13.4±2.9, 10.4±3.3*/B:14.0±2.7, 9.3±2.9*)
3) (A:61.6±15.1, 52.5±15.5*/B:56.6±9.2, 47.2±10.6*)
4) (A:38.4±25.1, 30.3±25.5/B:23.7±17.5, 19.5±15.2)
5) (A:7.5±3.8, 5.8±4.3/B:6.7±4.4, 5.2±4.6)
6) (A 4.0±3.3, 3.2±2.7/B:3.3±2.5, 2.8±2.3)
|
fracture after a fall 2 (not related to AT), exacerbation of anxiety 1 |
Lei 201628), USA, RCT pilot |
PD, 69.8±4.5/71. 0±11.7, 6.2±5.9/5.2 ±4.7, 3.0±1.0/2.9 ±0.7 |
EA + CM(levodop a) (n=10) |
Sham EA +CM(levodop a) (n=5) |
1 time/w for 3weeks |
foot motor sensory area, balance area, GV20, GV14, LI4, ST36, GB34, BL40, SP6, KI3, LR3 |
1) Gait parameters: speed(m/s), stride(m), cadence(steps/min), double support(%), midswing(º/s) by LEGSys™ (BioSensics LLC, Boston, MA)
1.1) STHW
1.2) DTHW
1.3) STFW
1.4) DTFW
2) UPDRS I
3) UPDRS II
4) UPDRS III
5) SF-12 (PCS)
6) SF-12 (MCS)
7) FES-I
8) VAS
|
1.1) % change in speed(A:9%*/B:3%), stride(A:13%*/B:3%)
1.2) NS
1.3) % change in speed(A:9%*/B:1%), midswing(A:6%*/B:5%)
1.4) % change in speed(A:19%*/B:3%), stride(A:9%*/B:−0.2%)
2) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:−2.6±2.10/B:1.8±2.7)*
3) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:−7.2±5.50/B:−0.4±3.4)*
4) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:−16.0±6.20/B:3.0±5.2)*
5) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:0.6±6.40/B:−1.0±7.5)
6) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:3.7±11.20/B:0.5±3.4)
7) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:−2.2+3.90/B:1.8±3.8)
8) pre, post M.D±S.D(A:−1.1±3.00/B:−1.2±2.8)
|
|
Ye 202029), China, CTs |
PD, 60.10±8.44, NR, 1~2.5 |
Scalp AT (n=10) |
none |
1 time for 30min |
the tip of the coronal sagittal point (the junction of the frontal bone and the nape bone, the intersection of the coronal suture and the sagittal suture), 5cm below the occipital tuberosity and 4cm outward. |
images of brain local area by fMRI |
Increased local consistency in brain areas such as bilateral hippocampus, left amygdala, left insula, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral putamen, left caudate nucleus, bilateral lateral globus pallidus, corpus callosum |
NR |
Wang 201830), China, CTs |
PD, 54.5±4.9/53. 7±4.6, NR, NR |
MA + CM(Carbido pa) (n=58) |
CM (Carbidopa) (n=58) |
1time/d for 1 month |
HT7, ST36, LI20, Shenmen, heart and lung points in the ear acupoints |
|
1) (A:28.4±9.4, 17.8±5.9/B:27.6±9.1, 22.6±7.5)*
2) (A:17.9±5.9, 7.5±2.4/B:17.6±5.8, 9.8±3.2)*
|
NR |