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Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ojeok-san in LPS-induced Inflammatory Rat Model

Article information

J Korean Med. 2021;42(2):21-30
Publication date (electronic) : 2021 June 01
doi : https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.21012
Joo-Hee Kim1,6,orcid_icon, Dong Hyuk Lee2,6,orcid_icon, Ji Hye Kim3, Sung Eun Jung3, Seong Ho Ham3, Woong Mo Yang4, Bo-in Kwon5,6,orcid_icon
1Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University
2College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University
3National Development Institute of Korean Medicine
4Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University
5Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University
6Research Institute of Korean Medicine, Sangji Univeristy
Correspondence to: Bo-In Kwon, Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82-33-730-0662, Fax: +82-33-730-0654, E-mail: kbi34812@sangji.ac.kr
Co-First: Joo-Hee Kim, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea. E-mail: jhkim712@sangji.ac.kr
Co-First: Dong Hyuk Lee, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, 83 Sangjidae-gil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26339, Republic of Korea. E-mail: neurohani_ldh@sangji.ac.kr
Received 2021 January 29; Revised 2021 April 9; Accepted 2021 April 13.

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Ojeok-san and compare the therapeutic effects according to its formation.

Methods

We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of Ojeok-san using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammatory animal model. Male SD rats were administered intra-orally with two different formulation types of Ojeok-san according to prescribed dosage. One hour later, to induce inflammatory responses, subsequent intra-peritoneal injection of LPS was conducted. After 5 hours later, serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 levels were measured by ELISA to assess the alteration of pro-inflammatory markers.

Results

In our experiment, regardless of its formation, administration of Ojeok-san decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 level in serum. Furthermore, LPS-induced toxicity of liver and kidney was not detected by Ojeok-san administration.

Conclusions

The anti-inflammatory effect of Ojeok-san was shown in LPS-induced inflammatory model by decreasing pro-inflammatory markers, and there would be no significant difference in therapeutic effect between two formulation types of Ojeok-san.

Keywords: Ojeok-san; lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced model; anti-inflammatory effect; pro-inflammatory markers
Fig. 1

Principles of prescription composition in Ojeok-san

Fig. 2

Anti-inflammatory effects between Ojeok-san Extract Powder group and Soft Extract groups in LPS induced inflammatory models (n=5, mean±SD, p: p value of ANOVA test vs. LPS + Vehicle group; *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01)

Fig. 3

Liver function test results after the injection of LPS according to the groups (n=6, mean±SD)

Fig. 4

Kidney function test results after the injection of LPS according to the groups

(n=6, mean±SD; p: p value of ANOVA test vs. LPS + Vehicle group ; *: p<0.05)

Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects between Ojeok-san Extract Powder group and Soft Extract groups in LPS induced inflammatory models

Regulation of Pro-inflammatory cytokines in Ojeok-san Extract powder and Soft Extract groups

Liver function test values after the injection of LPS according to the groups

Kidney function test values after the injection of LPS according to the groups

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a grant from Pharmacological Standardization Project of Traditional Korean Medicine by Ministry of Health and welfare (MOHW) and JeollaNamdo, Republic of Korea.

References

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2021 The Society of Korean Medicine all rights reserved

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Principles of prescription composition in Ojeok-san

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Anti-inflammatory effects between Ojeok-san Extract Powder group and Soft Extract groups in LPS induced inflammatory models (n=5, mean±SD, p: p value of ANOVA test vs. LPS + Vehicle group; *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01)

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Liver function test results after the injection of LPS according to the groups (n=6, mean±SD)

Fig. 4

Fig. 4

Kidney function test results after the injection of LPS according to the groups

(n=6, mean±SD; p: p value of ANOVA test vs. LPS + Vehicle group ; *: p<0.05)

Table 1

Comparison of anti-inflammatory effects between Ojeok-san Extract Powder group and Soft Extract groups in LPS induced inflammatory models

(n=5)
Group Dosage (mg/kg) LPS (mg/kg, ip) Blood concentration
TNF-α (pg/ml) IL-1β (pg/ml) IL-6 (pg/ml) PGE2 (pg/ml)
No stimulation D.W. - 41.01 ± 17.01 22.54 ± 2.07 22.38 ± 3.57 97.60 ± 19.29
LPS+Vehicle D.W. 5 147.98 ± 19.84 156.59± 32.84 67.10 ± 7.32 401.12 ± 18.88
LPS+Powder 435 5 65.91 ± 19.35** 74.38 ± 19.7** 36.55 ± 10.71** 327.96 ± 15.23**
1,305 5 57.26 ± 7.92** 70.79 ± 20.99** 27.12 ± 7.73** 259.69 ± 35.32**
6,525 5 50.09 ± 11.9** 64.50 ± 15.78** 27.96 ± 5.80** 267.60 ± 30.98**
LPS+Soft Extract 1,983 5 74.21 ± 4.16** 63.27 ± 17.69** 42.33 ± 6.84** 332.71 ± 35.28**
5,949 5 61.05 ± 12.61** 49.06 ± 13.59** 28.23 ± 3.62** 280.30 ± 9.74**
32,625 5 48.83 ± 15.51** 50.59 ± 17.12** 24.49 ± 5.85** 242.50 ± 23.14**

The values indicate mean±SD, p: p value of ANOVA test vs. the LPS + vehicle group;

*

p<0.05,

**

p<0.01

Table 2

Regulation of Pro-inflammatory cytokines in Ojeok-san Extract powder and Soft Extract groups

Formula (mg/kg) TNF-α p* IL-1β p* IL-6 p* PGE2 p*
LPS+ Powder 435 76.71 0.69† 61.32 0.71† 68.31 0.76† 25.26 0.43†
1,305 84.80 0.88‡ 64.00 0.43‡ 89.38 0.91‡ 44.74 0.62‡
6,525 91.50 0.95§ 68.69 0.52§ 87.51 0.73§ 42.64 0.58§
LPS+ Soft Extract 1,983 68.96 - 69.61 - 55.37 - 22.78 -
5,949 81.26 - 80.21 - 86.90 -- 39.91 -
32,625 92.69 - 79.07 - 95.26 50.89 -
*

p: p value of Student’s t-test,

†, ‡, §

p value of corresponding dosage between Ojeok-san Extract powder and Soft Extract group.

Table 3

Liver function test values after the injection of LPS according to the groups

(n=6)
Formula (mg/kg) LPS (mg/kg) AST (U/L) ALT (U/L) GGT (U/L) Total protein (g/dL)
No stimulation 92.00 ± 14.55 46.80 ± 16.17 1.00 ± 0.00 5.84 ± 0.23
LPS+Vehicle 5 111.83 ± 10.43 50.29 ± 8.91 1.43 ± 0.05 5.27 ± 0.39
LPS+ Powder 435 5 90.50 ± 22.41 56.80 ± 11.29 1.00 ± 0.00 6.73 ± 0.37
1,305 5 98.67 ± 12.51 54.33 ± 11.70 1.50 ± 0.50 6.48 ± 0.64
6,525 5 98.67 ± 27.15 53.67 ± 9.88 1.20 ± 0.40 5.82 ± 0.62
LPS+Soft Extract 1,983 5 106.20 ± 12.89 54.17 ± 18.63 1.00 ± 0.00 5.87 ± 0.27
5,949 5 92.17 ± 10.48 45.50 ± 6.65 1.00 ± 0.00 5.88 ± 0.39
32,625 5 100.50 ± 16.09 51.00 ± 9.73 1.00 ± 0.40 5.95 ± 0.60

The values indicate mean±SD. p: p value of ANOVA test vs. LPS + Vehicle group

Table 4

Kidney function test values after the injection of LPS according to the groups

(n=6)
Formula (mg/kg) LPS (mg/kg) Creatinine (mg/dL) BUN (mg/dL)
No stimulation 0.32 ± 0.12 15.10 ± 1.34
LPS +Vehicle 5 0.49 ± 0.06 18.00 ± 4.54
LPS+ Powder 435 5 0.33 ± 0.07 12.22 ± 2.30
1,305 5 0.35 ± 0.10 12.02 ± 3.11
6,525 5 0.40 ± 0.10 12.92 ± 2.92
LPS+Soft Extract 1,983 5 0.33 ± 0.09 12.24 ± 4.65
5,949 5 0.35 ± 0.08 11.37 ± 1.48*
32,625 5 0.35 ± 0.05 12.87 ± 3.69

The values indicate mean±SD. p: p value of ANOVA test vs. LPS + Vehicle group