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Clinical Report of Various Postpartium Symptoms

Article information

J Korean Med. 2017;38(1):112-124
Publication date (electronic) : 2017 March 31
doi : https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.17010
Jin Suk Koo1, Young Jun Lee2, Bu Il Seo3,
1Dept. of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National Univ. Andong, Republic of Korea
2,3Dept. of Korean Medicine, Daegu Hanny Univ. Daegu, Republic of Korea
Correspondence to：서부일(Bu Il Seo) 대구한의대학교 한의과대학 Tel：+82-53-819-1876, Fax：+82-53-819-1850, E-mail: seojangsan@naver.com
Received 2016 September 6; Revised 2017 February 8; Accepted 2017 February 8.

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study is to investigate the various postpartum symptoms and the relevant factors. So it can provide fundamental data about postpartum health care. In conclusion, we can prevent and manage the postpartum disease by using this data.

Methods

The subject of the present study was 94 women (63 women who completed vaginal delivery and 31 women who delivered by cesarean section) who completed labor between November 1, 2013 and January 31, 2016, at the clinic of OB&GYN. They have been taking good care of their health at postpartum clinic in Andong Woori Women Hospital. We investigated the various symptoms and situation which occurred from the moment of hospital to postnatal admission health care period, and Korean medical doctor examined the patients through the four examination methods. We classified the symptoms by maternal age, the frequency of maternal childbirth, the method of delivery, the delivery season, the term of pregnancy, the body weight of infant, the weight change of mother and the way of feeding.

Results

There were no remarkable corelation in the frequency of symptoms according to maternal age, the way of delivery, the delivery season, the change of weight before and after of delivery, gestational weeks at delivery, the manner of feeding and the body weight of infants except for the frequency of maternal childbirth.

Conclusion

The symptoms of hemorrhoids, the feeling of coldness and chilliness increased with increasing the frequency of maternal childbirth. Other circumstances, there was no relationship with symptoms of postpartum.

Keywords: postpartum symptoms; symptoms of hemorrhoids; the feeling of coldness and chilliness
Fig. 1

The distribution of postpartum symptoms on the whole 94 women

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on Maternal Age

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Frequency of Maternal Childbirth

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Delivery Methods of Pregnant Women

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Delivery Season

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Changes in Maternal Body Weight

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Maternal Childbirth Weeks

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Feeding Methods

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Babies’ Body Weight

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2017 The Society of Korean Medicine all rights reserved

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

The distribution of postpartum symptoms on the whole 94 women

Table 1

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on Maternal Age

Age under 25 years 26~30 years old 31~35 years old 36~40 years old over 41 years
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 4 50.0% 2 14.3% 16 28.1% 1 7.7% 1 50.0%
B. 6 75.0% 11 78.6% 55 96.5% 10 76.9% 2 100.0%
C. 4 50.0% 11 78.6% 33 57.9% 6 46.2% 0 0.0%
D. 5 62.5% 8 57.1% 33 57.9% 5 38.5% 0 0.0%
E. 2 25.0% 2 14.3% 17 29.8% 3 23.1% 1 50.0%
F. 3 37.5% 9 64.3% 38 66.7% 8 61.5% 2 100.0%
G. 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 14.0% 1 7.7% 0 0.0%
H. 2 25.0% 1 7.1% 14 24.6% 3 23.1% 0 0.0%
I. 4 50.0% 10 71.4% 38 66.7% 8 61.5% 2 100.0%
J. 5 62.5% 9 64.3% 34 59.6% 4 30.8% 2 100.0%
K. 1 12.5% 1 7.1% 13 22.8% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%
L. 3 37.5% 1 7.1% 16 28.1% 2 15.4% 1 50.0%
M. 1 12.5% 3 21.4% 6 10.5% 3 23.1% 0 0.0%
N. 6 75.0% 7 50.0% 33 57.9% 4 30.8% 0 0.0%
O 3 37.5% 3 21.4% 16 28.1% 3 23.1% 1 50.0%
P. 1 12.5% 3 21.4% 5 8.8% 1 7.7% 0 0.0%
Q. 1 12.5% 4 28.6% 19 33.3% 1 7.7% 0 0.0%

Table 2

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Frequency of Maternal Childbirth

Freq. of labor 1st delivery 2nd delivery 3rd delivery 4th delivery
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 12 24.0% 9 24.3% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
B. 44 88.0% 34 91.9% 5 83.3% 1 100.0%
C. 30 60.0% 19 51.4% 5 83.3% 0 0.0%
D. 26 52.0% 19 51.4% 6 100.0% 0 0.0%
E. 8 16.0% 13 35.1% 4 66.7% 0 0.0%
F. 27 54.0% 28 75.7% 4 66.7% 1 100.0%
G. 5 10.0% 2 5.4% 1 16.7% 1 100.0%
H. 14 28.0% 4 10.8% 1 16.7% 1 100.0%
I. 31 62.0% 26 70.3% 4 66.7% 1 100.0%
J. 26 52.0% 24 64.9% 3 50.0% 1 100.0%
K. 4 8.0% 8 21.6% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
L. 16 32.0% 7 18.9% 0 0.0% 0 0.0%
M. 6 12.0% 4 10.8% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
N. 26 52.0% 18 48.6% 5 83.3% 1 100.0%
O. 12 24.0% 11 29.7% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%
P. 5 10.0% 3 8.1% 2 33.3% 0 0.0%
Q. 11 22.0% 11 29.7% 2 33.3% 1 100.0%

Table 3

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Delivery Methods of Pregnant Women

Delivery method normal delivery cesarean delivery
Symptom freq. % freq. %
A. 14 22.2% 10 32.3%
B. 56 88.9% 28 90.3%
C. 38 60.3% 16 51.6%
D. 34 54.0% 17 54.8%
E. 20 31.7% 5 16.1%
F. 41 65.1% 19 61.3%
G. 6 9.5% 3 9.7%
H. 15 23.8% 5 16.1%
I. 42 66.7% 20 64.5%
J. 38 60.3% 16 51.6%
K. 11 17.5% 4 12.9%
L. 15 23.8% 8 25.8%
M. 10 15.9% 3 9.7%
N. 36 57.1% 14 45.2%
O. 18 28.6% 8 25.8%
P. 5 7.9% 5 16.1%
Q. 17 27.0% 8 25.8%

Table 4

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Delivery Season

Season Dec.~Feb. March~May June~Aug. Sep.~Nov.
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 9 23.7% 3 21.4% 4 40.0% 8 25.0%
B. 35 92.1% 14 100.0% 7 70.0% 28 87.5%
C. 22 57.9% 5 35.7% 5 50.0% 22 68.8%
D. 21 55.3% 6 42.9% 7 70.0% 17 53.1%
E. 11 28.9% 4 28.6% 1 10.0% 9 28.1%
F. 24 63.2% 11 78.6% 6 60.0% 19 59.4%
G. 2 5.3% 1 7.1% 1 10.0% 5 15.6%
H. 8 21.1% 1 7.1% 2 20.0% 9 28.1%
I. 27 71.1% 5 35.7% 7 70.0% 23 71.9%
J. 22 57.9% 7 50.0% 5 50.0% 20 62.5%
K. 8 21.1% 0 0.0% 1 10.0% 6 18.8%
L. 11 28.9% 4 28.6% 2 20.0% 6 18.8%
M. 5 13.2% 2 14.3% 1 10.0% 5 15.6%
N. 17 44.7% 9 64.3% 5 50.0% 19 59.4%
O. 9 23.7% 2 14.3% 2 20.0% 13 40.6%
P. 3 7.9% 1 7.1% 2 20.0% 4 12.5%
Q. 9 23.7% 1 7.1% 1 10.0% 14 43.8%

Table 5

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Changes in Maternal Body Weight

Weight change 5kg or less 6~10kg 11~15kg 16kg or more
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 3 16.7% 14 30.4% 3 15.0% 3 33.3%
B. 17 94.4% 42 91.3% 17 85.0% 7 77.8%
C. 11 61.1% 24 52.2% 14 70.0% 4 44.4%
D. 9 50.0% 26 56.5% 9 45.0% 6 66.7%
E. 4 22.2% 15 32.6% 4 20.0% 2 22.2%
F. 12 66.7% 30 65.2% 11 55.0% 6 66.7%
G. 4 22.2% 2 4.3% 3 15.0% 0 0.0%
H. 3 16.7% 9 19.6% 5 25.0% 2 22.2%
I. 12 66.7% 30 65.2% 14 70.0% 5 55.6%
J. 9 50.0% 32 69.6% 7 35.0% 5 55.6%
K. 3 16.7% 9 19.6% 2 10.0% 1 11.1%
L. 6 33.3% 10 21.7% 6 30.0% 0 0.0%
M. 1 5.6% 10 21.7% 1 5.0% 1 11.1%
N. 10 55.6% 23 50.0% 10 50.0% 6 66.7%
O. 4 22.2% 14 30.4% 7 35.0% 1 11.1%
P. 1 5.6% 8 17.4% 1 5.0% 0 0.0%
Q. 7 38.9% 12 26.1% 4 20.0% 2 22.2%

Table 6

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Maternal Childbirth Weeks

Period below 38weeks 38~39weeks 39~40 weeks over 40 weeks
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 3 21.4% 10 33.3% 5 18.5% 6 26.1%
B. 13 92.9% 28 93.3% 24 88.9% 19 82.6%
C. 9 64.3% 18 60.0% 15 55.6% 12 52.2%
D. 8 57.1% 16 53.3% 14 51.9% 13 56.5%
E. 4 28.6% 7 23.3% 6 22.2% 8 34.8%
F. 7 50.0% 20 66.7% 19 70.4% 14 60.9%
G. 2 14.3% 3 10.0% 4 14.8% 0 0.0%
H. 2 14.3% 6 20.0% 7 25.9% 5 21.7%
I. 11 78.6% 23 76.7% 16 59.3% 12 52.2%
J. 7 50.0% 19 63.3% 18 66.7% 10 43.5%
K. 2 14.3% 6 20.0% 1 3.7% 6 26.1%
L. 2 14.3% 9 30.0% 5 18.5% 7 30.4%
M. 2 14.3% 3 10.0% 5 18.5% 3 13.0%
N. 5 35.7% 17 56.7% 14 51.9% 14 60.9%
O. 4 28.6% 12 40.0% 5 18.5% 5 21.7%
P. 2 14.3% 3 10.0% 4 14.8% 1 4.3%
Q. 3 21.4% 11 36.7% 8 29.6% 3 13.0%

Table 7

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Feeding Methods

Feeding method breast feeding formular feeding mixed feeding
Symptom freq. % freq. % freq. %
A. 21 29.2% 0 0.0% 3 16.7%
B. 62 86.1% 4 100.0% 18 100.0%
C. 42 58.3% 2 50.0% 10 55.6%
D. 39 54.2% 2 50.0% 10 55.6%
E. 20 27.8% 1 25.0% 4 22.2%
F. 44 61.1% 4 100.0% 12 66.7%
G. 8 11.1% 0 0.0% 1 5.6%
H. 17 23.6% 0 0.0% 3 16.7%
I. 48 66.7% 1 25.0% 13 72.2%
J. 43 59.7% 2 50.0% 9 50.0%
K. 12 16.7% 0 0.0% 3 16.7%
L. 18 25.0% 0 0.0% 5 27.8%
M. 9 12.5% 0 0.0% 4 22.2%
N. 35 48.6% 3 75.0% 12 66.7%
O. 17 23.6% 1 25.0% 8 44.4%
P. 6 8.3% 1 25.0% 3 16.7%
Q. 20 27.8% 0 0.0% 5 27.8%

Table 8

The Variance Analysis of Postpartum Symptoms Depending on the Babies’ Body Weight

Baby weight 3kg or less 3~3.5kg 3.5~4k 4kg or more
Symptom 빈도 % 빈도 % 빈도 % 빈도 %
A. 9 34.6% 11 23.9% 4 20.0% 0 0.0%
B. 24 92.3% 41 89.1% 17 85.0% 2 100.0%
C. 15 57.7% 24 52.2% 14 70.0% 1 50.0%
D. 15 57.7% 24 52.2% 12 60.0% 0 0.0%
E. 9 34.6% 9 19.6% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%
F. 17 65.4% 31 67.4% 11 55.0% 1 50.0%
G. 2 7.7% 6 13.0% 1 5.0% 0 0.0%
H. 6 23.1% 10 21.7% 4 20.0% 0 0.0%
I. 19 73.1% 31 67.4% 12 60.0% 0 0.0%
J. 15 57.7% 24 52.2% 14 70.0% 1 50.0%
K. 4 15.4% 6 13.0% 5 25.0% 0 0.0%
L. 10 38.5% 6 13.0% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%
M. 3 11.5% 5 10.9% 5 25.0% 0 0.0%
N. 12 46.2% 26 56.5% 11 55.0% 1 50.0%
O. 5 19.2% 14 30.4% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%
P. 4 15.4% 3 6.5% 3 15.0% 0 0.0%
Q. 4 15.4% 14 30.4% 7 35.0% 0 0.0%