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Identification of Morphological Appearance of Fine Seed Herbs Using Stereoscope (Report I) - Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen

Article information

J Korean Med. 2013;34(3):1-12
Publication date (electronic) : 2013 September 30
doi : https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.13008
Chang-Yoon Ji1, Tae-Ju Kim1, Seung-Ho Lee1, Young-Sik Kim2, Guem-San Lee3,, Jung-Hoon Kim4, Goya Choi4, Young-Sung Ju1
1Department of Herbology, Woosuk University
2Korea Institute of Science and Technology for Eastern Medicine, Wonkwang University
3Department of Herbology, Wonkwang University
4Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
Correspondence to: 이금산 (Guem-San Lee), 전북 익산시 신용동 원광대 한의대 본초학교실, Tel : +82-63-850-6985, E-mail : rasfin@wku.ac.kr
Received 2013 February 13; Revised 2013 September 06; Accepted 2013 September 06.

Abstract

Objectives:

This was study about identifying fine seed herbs that are highly mixed together: Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen.

Methods:

In non-distinctive herbs through sensory test, we can find accurate discriminative points by using a stereoscope. As a result, a new discriminative key was completed.

Results:

We identified a comparison of herbs which are mixed up in distribution.

  1. In the case of Celosiae Semen and Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen which is mixed up is bigger and more glossy and especially have the sunk umbilicus.

  2. In the case of Cuscutae Semen and Perillae Semen, Perillae Semen is discriminated by characteristic morado netting surface and impression of fruit stalk in the single-ended.

  3. In the case of Cuscutae Semen which is distributed in three species, we discriminated by beak shape, location of umbilicus and vomiting thread shape or not when put in water.

    • ⓵ Cuscuta chinensis has a weak beaky shape, an umbilicus in center and is vomiting thread shape when put in water.

    • ⓶ C. australis has very weak beaky shape, an umbilicus beneath and is vomiting thread shape when put in water.

    • ⓷ C. japonica has clear beaky shape, an umbilicus beneath and is not vomiting thread shape when put in water.

Conclusions:

A stereoscope can be effectively used for identifying fine seed herbs hardly distinguishable by sensory tests.

Keywords: Stereoscope; discriminative point; Celosiae Semen; Celoisae Cristatae Semen; Cuscutae Semen; Perillae Semen
Fig. 1.

Celosia argentea

Fig. 2.

Celosia cristata

Fig. 3-1.

Cuscuta chinensis

Fig. 3-2.

Cuscuta australis

Fig. 3-3.

Cuscuta japonica

Fig. 4.

Perilla frutescens

Fig. 5-1.

The Semen of Celosia argentea

1) The upper part of umbilicus

Fig. 5-2.

Remained Style

Fig. 6-1.

The Semen of Celosia cristata

1) Sinked umbilicus

Fig. 6-2.

Remained Style

Fig. 6-3.

Left: C. argentea

Right: C. cristata

Fig. 6-4.

Left: C. argentea

Right: C. cristata

Fig. 7-1-⓵.

The Semen of Custcuta chinensis

Fig. 7-1-⓶.

Umbilicus in center

Fig. 7-1-⓷.

Vomiting thread shape

Fig. 7-2-⓵.

The Semen of Cuscuta australis

Fig. 7-2-⓶.

Umbilicus beneath

Fig. 7-3-⓵.

Left:C. australis

Right:C. japonica

Fig. 7-3-⓶.

The Semen of Cuscuta japonica

Fig. 7-3-⓷.

Umbilicus beneath

Fig. 8-1.

The Semen of Perilla frutescens

Fig. 8-2.

Morado netting surface

Fig. 8-3.

Fruit stalk in the single-ended

List of Samples

The herbological effective difference of Sample

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Article information Continued

Copyright © 2013 The Society of Korean Medicine all rights reserved

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Celosia argentea

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Celosia cristata

Fig. 3-1.

Fig. 3-1.

Cuscuta chinensis

Fig. 3-2.

Fig. 3-2.

Cuscuta australis

Fig. 3-3.

Fig. 3-3.

Cuscuta japonica

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4.

Perilla frutescens

Fig. 5-1.

Fig. 5-1.

The Semen of Celosia argentea

1) The upper part of umbilicus

Fig. 5-2.

Fig. 5-2.

Remained Style

Fig. 6-1.

Fig. 6-1.

The Semen of Celosia cristata

1) Sinked umbilicus

Fig. 6-2.

Fig. 6-2.

Remained Style

Fig. 6-3.

Fig. 6-3.

Left: C. argentea

Right: C. cristata

Fig. 6-4.

Fig. 6-4.

Left: C. argentea

Right: C. cristata

Fig. 7-1-⓵.

Fig. 7-1-⓵.

The Semen of Custcuta chinensis

Fig. 7-1-⓶.

Fig. 7-1-⓶.

Umbilicus in center

Fig. 7-1-⓷.

Fig. 7-1-⓷.

Vomiting thread shape

Fig. 7-2-⓵.

Fig. 7-2-⓵.

The Semen of Cuscuta australis

Fig. 7-2-⓶.

Fig. 7-2-⓶.

Umbilicus beneath

Fig. 7-3-⓵.

Fig. 7-3-⓵.

Left:C. australis

Right:C. japonica

Fig. 7-3-⓶.

Fig. 7-3-⓶.

The Semen of Cuscuta japonica

Fig. 7-3-⓷.

Fig. 7-3-⓷.

Umbilicus beneath

Fig. 8-1.

Fig. 8-1.

The Semen of Perilla frutescens

Fig. 8-2.

Fig. 8-2.

Morado netting surface

Fig. 8-3.

Fig. 8-3.

Fruit stalk in the single-ended

Table 1.

List of Samples

Herb Herbal region of original plant Official compendium
Celosiae Semen Semen of Celosia argentea L. KHP, CP
Celosiae Cristatae Semen Semen of Celosia cristata L. CP
Cuscutae Semen Semen of Cuscuta chinensis LAM.KHP, CP) or related species in the same genusKHP) KHP, CP
Perillae Semen Semen of Perilla frutescens (L.) BRITT. CP

Table 2.

The herbological effective difference of Sample

Celosia argentea Celosia cristata Cuscuta chinensis Perilla frutescens
Properties and flavors of drugs Little Cold17,26,27,38) Cool7,31) Bitter7,17,26,27,31,38) Cool • Sweet7,17) Warm27,31,38) Pungent7,11,17,26,27,31) Sweet7,11,17,26,27,31,38) Warm • Pungent7,11,17,26,27,31,38)
Meridian tropism Liver7,17,27,31) Liver7,17) Large intestine17) Liver • Kidney7,17,27,31) Spleen17,27,31) Lung7,17,27,31) Large intestine7,17)
Effect Dispelling wind and heat7,17,24,27,31) Purge the liver of fire7,17,24,26,27,31,38) Remove nebula to improve vision17,24,26,27,31,38) Dispel heat from blood to stop bleeding7,17) Clear the liver of heat to improve eyesight17,24) Strengthen liver Kidney • improve essence and blood7,11,17,24,26,27,31,38) Improve eyesight7,11,24,26,27, 31,38) Arrest diarrhea17,24,27,31,38) Consolidate Ki, calm the fetus11,17,24,31,38) Descending Ki, eliminating phlegm7,11,17,24, 26,27,38) Antiasthmatics7,17,24,26,27,31,38) Relaxing the bowels7,17,24,26,27,31,38)
Chief virtue Liver fever bloodshot eyes17,27,31) Cataract and nebula7,27) Dizziness due to liver-fire27,31) hypertension • epistaxis • s kin itching syndrome • scabies7,17,27) red-white dysentery • metrorrhagia7, 17) stranguria with turbid discharge7) redness, swelling and pain of the eyes17) aching of lumbar, knee27) seminal emission • diabetics27,31) diarrhea due to hypofunction of the spleen27) adverseness of Ki due to accumulation of phlegm27,31)cough with dyspnea27,31) Constipation7,27,31)
Classific ation Antipyretics27) Hemostasis7) Tonics27) Phlegm-transforming and antitussives and antiasthmatics27)
Subclass ification Drugs for reducing intense internal heat27) Dispel heat from blood to stop bleeding7) Yang tonics27) Antitussives and antiasthmatics27)