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JKM > Volume 44(1); 2023 > Article
Lee and Kim: Is there any specificity in gender, triggering factors and HRV according to the left and right lesions of hemifacial spasm? : A retrospective chart review

Abstract

Objectives

This study is designed to investigate the difference of gender, triggering factors and Heart rate variability(HRV) between left and right hemifacial spasm patients.

Methods

Among hemifacial spasm patients who visited the Acupuncture and Moxibustion medicine clinic of Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital from January 1, 2017, to April 18, 2022, we reviewed the clinical records of subjects with right hemifacial spasm(n=55) and left hemifacial spasm(n=76). We investigated the difference of gender, triggering factors and HRV between left and right hemifacial spasm patients groups by student’s t-test, chi-square test and fisher's exact test using SPSS for windows(version 28.0.0.0.).

Results

There was no difference in gender, triggering factors and HRV between left and right hemifacial spasm groups.

Conclusion

According to this study, there were few specificity of lesions of left and right in hemifacial spasms.

Table 1
Age and gender distribution of 131 patients with Hemifacial spasm
HFS on Left side HFS on Right side Total
Gender, n(%) Male(%) 21(27.63%) 13(23.64%) 34(25.95%)
Female(%) 55(72.37%) 42(76.36%) 97(74.05%)

Age, years 56.72 ± 13.51 56.20 ± 10.93 56.50 ± 12.45

29≤ 3 1 4

30~39 4 2 6

40~49 18 11 29

50~59 20 16 36

60~69 13 18 31

≤70 18 7 25

76 55 131(100%)

Values are mean ± standard deviation or number(%).

Table 2
The Correlations of Gender and Left and Right Lesions of HFS
HFS on Left side HFS on Right side P-value
Male 21(61.8%) 13(38.2%) 34(100%) x2 = 0.265
Female 55(56.7%) 42(43.3%) 97(100%) (0.607)

Values are mean ± standard deviation.

P-values is calculated by chi-square test for categorical variables.

Table 3
The Correlations of Triggering factors and Left and Right Lesions of HFS
HFS on Left side HFS on Right side total P-value
Stress and Nervousness 18(52.9%) 16(47.1%) 34(100%) x2 = 0.451 (0.502)
Fatigue and Overwork 12(33.3%) 6(66.7%) 18(100%) x2 =3.286 (0.07)

P-values is calculated by chi-square test for categorical variables.

Table 4
Time domain Heart Rate Variability of Patients with Left and Right HFS
Variables HFS on Left side HFS on Right side T P-value
MHR 69.82 ± 12.25 71.29 ± 9.97 0.734 0.464
SDNN 32.67 ± 19.96 28.42 ± 14.22 −1.349 0.180
RMSSD 29.26 ± 34.76 22.87 ± 21.16 −1.212 0.228

Values are mean ± standard deviation. P-value is calculated by Independent t-test.

MHR : Mean heart rate

SDNN : Standard deviation of NN interval

RMSSD : The square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN interval

Table 5
Frequency domain Heart Rate Variability of Patients with Left and Right HFS
Variables HFS on Left side HFS on Right side T P-value
TP 802.15 ± 1146.63 730.96 ± 829.41 −0.392 0.696
VLF 475.06 ± 758.84 424.46 ± 557.53 −0.418 0.676
LF 196.41 ± 318.94 134.21 ± 154.16 −1.337 0.184
HF 161.81 ± 213.76 163.48 ± 371.84 0.032 0.974
LF Norm 59.96 ± 49.58 53.94 ± 19.66 −0.852 0.396
HF Norm 45.46 ± 20.22 46.06 ± 19.66 0.168 0.867
LF/HF ratio 2.39 ± 4.49 1.70 ± 1.33 −1.115 0.267

Values are mean ± standard deviation. P-value is calculated by Independent t-test.

TP : Total Power

VLF : Very low frequency

LF : Low frequency

HF : High frequency

LF norm : LF power in normalized units

HF norm : HF power in normalized units

LF/HF ratio : Low frequency / High frequency ratio

Table 6
The Correlations of LF/HF Ratio and Left and Right Lesions of HFS
LF/HF ratio HFS on Left side HFS on Right side total P-value
Total 76(42.0%) 55(58.0%) 131(100%)
Abnormal 28(42.4%) 38(57.6%) 66(100%) 0.918
≤0.5 12(60.0%) 8(40.0%) 20(100%) 0.845
≥2.0 26(56.5%) 20(43.5%) 46(100%) 0.799

Values are mean ± standard deviation.

P-values is calculated by chi-square test for categorical variables.

LF/HF ratio : Low frequency / High frequency ratio

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