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JKM > Volume 41(2); 2020 > Article
Kwon, Yoo, Go, Kim, and Lee: Research on Pattern Identification and Clinical Characteristics of Female Patients with Cold Hypersensitivity of Hands and Feet

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to research the demographical and gynecologic characteristics, quality of life, and analyze the pattern identification in female patients with cold hypersensitivity of hands and feet.

Methods

112 participants were recruited from May 2018 to April 2019 from three korean medical hospitals. The data was composed of general characteristics, degree of coldness of hands and feet, gynecological questionnaire, score of WHOQOL-BREF and pattern identification. We divided data into 2 groups: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet and the group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet and hands. We tried to compare data by groups using Excel 2016 for windows and SPSS for windows (Ver. 23.0).

Results

Throughout the study, we found differences between 2 groups in weight, body mass index (BMI), VAS score of cold hypersensitivity on feet, temperature of PC8, ST32, and pattern identification.

Conclusions

After the study, we confirmed that even though both groups suffer from cold hypersensitivity of hands and feet, they show clinical differences in each group and differences in pattern identification.

Fig. 1
Flow chart of Study
jkm-41-2-96f1.gif
Table 1
Characteristics of Both Groups
Classification FCG(n=38) HFCG(n=74) FCG-HGCG p-value
Average age(years) 35.45 ± 10.82 36.85 ± 9.84 −1.40 ± 2.03 0.491
Height(cm) 160.71 ± 5.78 160.87 ± 5.17 −0.17 ± 1.07 0.877
Weight(kg) 58.10 ± 8.31 54.75 ± 6.54 3.35 ± 1.43 0.021*
BMI(kg/m2) 22.48 ± 2.97 21.19 ± 2.66 1.29 ± 0.55 0.021*

Values are Mean ± S.D

* Statistically significant by t-test (p<0.05)

FCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet

HFCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on hands and feet

Table 2
VAS and Thermometer of Feeling Coldness on Both groups
Classification FCG(n=38) HFCG(n=74) FCG-HFCG p-value
VAS
Hands 5.82 ± 1.43 6.34 ± 1.62 −0.52 ± 0.31 0.097
Feet 6.58 ± 1.54 7.18 ± 1.43 −0.60 ± 0.29 0.044*

Thermometer(°C)
LU4 31.75 ± 5.40 33.02 ± 1.66 −1.27 ± 0.68 0.065
PC8 33.27 ± 1.04 30.77 ± 2.22 2.50 ± 0.31 0.000*
LU4-PC8 −0.69 ± 1.17 2.27 ± 1.66 −2.96 ± 0.27 0.000*
ST32 32.21 ± 1.56 31.22 ± 1.68 0.99 ± 0.33 0.003*
LR3 29.40 ± 1.37 27.69 ± 2.14 1.71 ± 0.33 0.000*
ST32-LR3 2.81 ± 1.37 3.53 ± 1.40 −0.72 ± 0.28 0.011*

Values are Mean ± S.D

* Statistically significant by t-test (p<0.05)

FCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet

HFCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on hands and feet

Table 3
Menstrual Pattern of Both groups
Classification FCG(n=38) HFCG(n=74) p-value
Menarche age 13.24 ± 1.92 13.30 ± 1.55 0.858
Lower abdominal coldness 3.95 ± 2.67 4.04 ± 2.86 0.868
Premenopause* 32 67

Classification FCG(n=32) HFCG(n=67) p-value

Menstrual cycle 29.56 ± 3.96 31.30 ± 8.65 0.282

Menstrual period* 0.151
 Hypomenorrhea 1 (3.13%) 3 (4.48%)
 Normal 31 (96.87%) 57 (85.07%)
 Period extension 0 7 (10.45%)

Menstrual clots* 0.139
 No 4 (12.50%) 21 (31.34%)
 Mild 24 (75.00%) 35 (52.24%)
 Moderate 4 (12.50%) 10 (14.93%)

Severe 0 1 (1.49%)
 Menstrual color* 0.563
 Light red 1 (3.13%) 2 (2.99%)
 Clear red 17 (53.13%) 43 (64.18%)
 Deep red 14 (43.74%) 22 (32.84%)

Menstrual pain* 0.101
 No 5 (15.63%) 20 (29.85%)
 Mild 17 (53.13%) 20 (29.85%)
 Moderate 8 (25.00%) 17 (25.37%)
 Severe 2 (6.24%) 10 (14.93%)

* Values are number (%)

† Values are Mean ± S.D

FCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet

HFCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on hands and feet

Table 4
Pattern of Leukorrhea in Both Groups
Classification FCG(n=38) HFCG(n=74) p-value
Frequency 0.280
 No 5 (13.16%) 18 (24.32%)
 Mild 22 (57.89%) 36 (48.65%)
 Moderate 11 (28.95%) 17 (22.97%)
 Sever 0 3 (4.05%)

Classification FCG(n=33) HFCG(n=56) p-value

Color 0.145
 Clear 17 (51.52%) 22 (39.29%)
 Turbid 9 (27.27%) 22 (39.29%)
 Light yellow 5 (15.15%) 12 (21.43%)
 Yellow 2 (6.06%) 0

Bad odor 0.658
 Yes 15 (45.45%) 22 (39.29%)
 No 18 (54.55%) 34 (60.71%)

Values are number(%)

FCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet

HFCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on hands and feet

Table 5
Score of WHOQOL-BREF in Both Groups
Classification FCG(n=38) HFCG(n=74) p-value
Overall QOL(10) 6.74 ± 1.13 6.74 ± 1.30 0.980
Physical domain(35) 19.53 ± 3.24 19.92 ± 2.89 0.516
Psychological domain(30) 16.71 ± 2.60 16.74 ± 3.19 0.957
Social domain(15) 9.68 ± 1.89 9.86 ± 1.87 0.630
Environment domain(40) 27.13 ± 3.03 27.18 ± 2.58 0.936

Values are Mean ± S.D

* Statistically significant by t-test (p<0.05)

FCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet

HFCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on hands and feet

Table 6
Pattern Identification in Both Groups
Classification FCG(n=38) HFCG(n=74) p-value
Qi deficiency 31 (36.90%) 46 (34.59%) 0.036*
Yang deficiency 28 (33.33%) 37 (27.82%) 0.016*
Blood deficiency 14 (16.67%) 27 (20.30%) 0.970
Yin deficiency 5 (5.95%) 12 (9.02%) 0.669
Fluid deficiency 0 0 0
Static blood 3 (3.57%) 7 (5.26%) 1.000
Dampness phlegm 3 (3.57%) 1 (0.75%) 0.112
Excess heat 0 0 0
Qi stagnation 0 3 (2.26%) 0.321

Values are number(%)

* Statistically significant by chi-square test (p<0.05)

FCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on feet

HFCG: The group of patients who meet the criteria for diagnosis of coldness on hands and feet

참고문헌

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crossref

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