A Study on the Correlation between the Second Derivative of Photoplethysmogram and Quality of Life using SF-36 Questionnaire in Women

Young-Hun Jang; Young-Jae Park; Jang, Young-Hun; Park, Young-Jae

doi:10.13048/jkm.20013

JKM > Volume 41(2); 2020 > Article

Jang and Park: A Study on the Correlation between the Second Derivative of Photoplethysmogram and Quality of Life using SF-36 Questionnaire in Women

Original Article

The Journal of Korean Medicine 2020; 41(2): 34-42.

Published online: June 1, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.20013

A Study on the Correlation between the Second Derivative of Photoplethysmogram and Quality of Life using SF-36 Questionnaire in Women

Young-Hun Jang¹, Young-Jae Park¹^{, 2}^{, *}

¹Department of Human Informatics of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University

²Department of Biofunctional Medicine and Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University

Correspondence to：박영재 경희대학교 한의과대학 진단 생기능의학과, Tel: +82-2-440-7229, E-mail: omdyj@daum.net

Received October 25, 2019 Revised May 22, 2020 Accepted May 25, 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between between one’s quality of life (QoL) level and the arterial stiffness estimated by the second derivative of photoplethysmogram (SDPTG) for women patients.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed on charts of 407 women patients (38.38±11.82 years) who visited Gangdong Kyung Hee Hospital between April 1st and September 30th, 2011. Vascular aging index (VAI, (b-c-d)/a), b/a, c/a, and d/a were considered as the arterial stiffness indexes, and the Korean version of the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) were completed to estimate one’s physical and mental QoL.

Results

Physical and mental components of the SF-36 in older group (50, 60, and 70 years-group) were lower than those in younger group (20 and 30 years-group). Large arterial stiffness-related b/a in older group was higher that in younger group, while small arterial stiffness-related d/a in older group was lower that in younger group. Physical and mental component scores of the SF-36 had the negative correlations with VAI and b/a (r; −0.153~−0.195), while had the positive correlations with c/a and d/a (r; 0.147~0.228).

Conclusions

In conclusion, this study suggests that convenient and cost-effective SDPTG test may serve as an auxiliary tool to estimate one’s physical and mental QoL.

Keywords: second derivative of photoplethysmogram, SF-36, quality of life

Table 1

Descriptive statistics of the physical components of the SF-36 and differences in the physical components by decade of age distribution

Decade of age distribution (number)	PF	RP	BP	GH	Total scores of the physical subscales
10–19 (14)	88.57±11.67a	76.78±20.72a	67.43±17.87a	50.71±14.7a	283.50± 47.17a
20–29 (78)	83.33±17.22a,b	74.36±44.86a,b	66.41±28.64a	49.04±16.9a	273.14±82.77a,b
30–39 (150)	76.17±19.78a,b,c	56.83±38.09a,b,c	55.3±28.24a,b	44.00±17.4a	232.34±84.77a,b,c
40–49 (86)	73.49±21.78b,c	50.29±40.67a,b,c	51.93±27.17a,b	41.34±16.2a	217.05±83.52b,c
50–59 (60)	66.17±20.26c,d	38.75±39.44c	48.17±25.26a,b	39.33±17.77a	192.42±77.77c,d
60–69 (15)	72.00±22.35b,c	45.00±41.40b,c	44.60±25.62b	45.67±17.30a	207.27±82.21c,d
70–79 (4)	53.75±17.97d	18.75±23.94d	37.25±27.49b	38.75±25.29a	148.50±66.26d
F (p value)	6.392 (<0.001)	6.350 (<0.001)	4.188 (<0.001)	2.661 (0.015)	7.924 (<0.001)

PF; physical function), RP; role limitation due to physical health problems, BP; bodily pain, GH; general health..

a, b, c, ; age decade group where a specific score was determined to be homogeneous, through Duncan posthoc test. For example, RP scores of “10–19”, “20–29”, “30–39”, and “40–49” age groups are homogeneous, while RE values of “20–29”, “30–39”, “40–49”, and “60–69” age groups are homogeneous.

Table 2

Descriptive statistics of the mental components of the SF-36 and differences in the mental components by decade of age distribution

Decade of age distribution (number)	VT	SF	RE	MH	Total scores of the mental subscales
10–19(14)	54.29± 11.91	83.29±18.60	81.00± 25.24a	38.57± 13.00	257.15±28.83a
20–29(78)	56.60±17.63	68.35± 24.89	72.68±36.00a,b	41.95±18.11	239.58±41.39a,b
30–39(150)	62.17±19.16	67.02±24.79	64.03±39.89a,b	46.21±19.66	239.43±44.95a,b
40–49(86)	57.97±17.68	64.88±23.32	53.48±46.12a,b,c	41.12±18.78	217.44±46.75b,c
50–59(60)	58.17±20.67	65.25±20.79	53.88±43.47b,c	38.93±17.86	216.23±46.67b,c
60–69(15)	62.33±21.78	71.07±26.92	44.40±44.87b,c	41.07±22.75	218.87±53.77b,c
70–79(4)	55.00±12.91	75.25±10.21	24.75±16.50c	41.00±10.52	196.00±39.18c
F (p value)	1.241 (0.197)	1.444 (0.197)	3.485 (0.002)	1.533 (0.166)	5.143 (<0.001)

VT; vitality, SF; social function, RE; role limitation due to physical emotional problems, MH; mental health.

a, b, c, ; age decade group where a specific score was determined to be homogeneous, through Duncan posthoc test. For example, RE scores of “10–19”, “20–29”, “30–39”, and “40–49” age groups are homogeneous, while RE values of “20–29”, “30–39”, “40–49”, “50–59”, and “60–69” age groups are homogeneous.

Table 3

Descriptive statistics of the SDPTG parameters and differences in the SDPTG parameters by decade of age distribution

Decade of age distribution (number)	VAI	b/a	c/a	d/a
10–19(14)	−100.59±18.58a	−88.18±7.57a	4.10±10.25a	−13.98±5.74a
20–29(78)	−85.10±22.41a,b	−83.07±9.09a	2.52±11.19a	−18.36±6.67a,b
30–39(150)	−72.14±26.65b	−79.24±10.63a	−1.80±12.66a,b	−24.05±8.16b,c
40–49(86)	−47.63±32.25c	−69.07±14.34b	−9.58±12.27b,c	−30.55±10.21c
50–59(60)	−20.76±31.93d	−58.04±13.21c	−17.49±12.43c,d	−40.69±11.66d
60–69(15)	−15.29±46.73d	−55.86±24.55c	−19.32±8.18d	−40.16±17.42d
70–79(4)	−14.60±29.40d	−55.78±16.58c	−19.31±12.13d	−44.49±13.71d
F (p value)	47.978 (<0.001)	40.429 (<0.001)	25.237 (<0.001)	48.280 (<0.001)

VT; vitality, SF; social function, RE; role limitation due to physical emotional problems, MH; mental health.

Table 4

Descriptive statistics of the SF-36 subscales

SF-36 Subscale	Minimum	Maximum	Mean ± SD
PF	5	145.00	75.56± 20.48
RP	0	300.00	56.02 ± 41.38
BP	0	123.00	55.53 ± 27.93
GH	0	90.00	43.96 ± 17.33
VT	5	100.000	59.29 ± 18.70
SF	0	100.00	67.35 ± 23.85
RE	0	167.00	61.44 ± 41.56
MH	0	100.00	42.74 ± 18.89

PF; physical function), RP; role limitation due to physical health problems, BP; bodily pain, GH; general health, VT; vitality, SF; social function, RE; role limitation due to physical emotional problems, MH; mental health.

Table 5

Descriptive statistics of the SDPTG parameters

SDPTG Parameter	Minimum	Maximum	Mean ± SD
VAI	−145.34	125.82	−60.19± 37.43
b/a	−109.23	22.10	−73.92± 15.53
c/a	−48.42	39.90	−5.54± 14.06
d/a	−91.44	−3.88	−27.23± 12.27

VAI; vascular age index.

Table 6

Correlations between SDPTG parameters and physical and mental subscales of the SF-36 (n=407)

SF-36		Subscale of the SDPTG

		VAI	b/a	c/a	d/a
Physical component	Pearson’s correlation	−0.188	−0.153	0.228	0.148
Physical component	P value	<0.001	0.002	<0.001	0.003

Mental component	Pearson’s correlation	−0.195	−0.155	0.226	0.147
Mental component	P value	<0.001	0.002	<0.001	0.003

VAI; vascular age index. Bold numbers indicate significant Pearson’s correlation.

Table 7

Correlations between SDPTG parameters and the SF-36 subscales (n=407)

Subscale of the SF-36		Subscale of the SDPTG

		VAI	b/a	c/a	d/a
PF	Pearson’s correlation	−0.198	−0.170	0.199	0.184
PF	P value	<0.001	0.001	<0.001	<0.001

RP	Pearson’s correlation	−0.159	−0.131	0.190	0.139
RP	P value	0.001	0.008	<0.001	0.005

BP	Pearson’s correlation	−0.143	−0.106	0.207	0.082
BP	P value	0.004	0.032	<0.001	0.099

GH	Pearson’s correlation	−0.092	−0.077	0.106	0.057
GH	P value	0.063	0.123	0.032	0.254

VT	Pearson’s correlation	0.037	0.015	−0.078	−0.013
VT	P value	0.458	0.759	0.115	0.801

SF	Pearson’s correlation	−0.063	−0.009	0.116	0.053
SF	P value	0.207	0.857	0.019	0.282

RE	Pearson’s correlation	−0.178	−0.138	0.231	0.122
RE	P value	<0.001	0.005	<0.001	0.014

MH	Pearson’s correlation	−0.041	−0.078	−0.024	0.035
MH	P value	0.406	0.116	0.623	0.486

VAI; vascular age index, PF; physical function), RP; role limitation due to physical health problems, BP; bodily pain, GH; general health, VT; vitality, SF; social function, RE; role limitation due to physical emotional problems, MH; mental health. Bold numbers indicate significant Pearson’s correlation.

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