The Study for standardized Method of the Retention-Enema; For a Method of Experimental Study

Eun-young Song; Eui-ju Lee; Jung-hee Yoo; Jun-hee Lee; Byung-Hee Koh; Yong-min Bu; Jae-woo Park; Hyo-Jin Kim; Kwang-Min Chai; Song, Eun-young; Lee, Eui-ju; Yoo, Jung-hee; Lee, Jun-hee; Koh, Byung-Hee; Bu, Yong-min; Park, Jae-woo; Kim, Hyo-Jin; Chai, Kwang-Min

doi:10.13048/jkm.14001

JKM > Volume 35(1); 2014 > Article

Song, Lee, Yoo, Lee, Koh, Bu, Park, Kim, and Chai: The Study for standardized Method of the Retention-Enema; For a Method of Experimental Study

Original Article

The Journal of Korean Oriental Medicine 2014; 35(1): 1-9.

Published online: March 30, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13048/jkm.14001

The Study for standardized Method of the Retention-Enema; For a Method of Experimental Study

Eun-young Song¹, Eui-ju Lee^{, 2}, Jung-hee Yoo², Jun-hee Lee², Byung-Hee Koh², Yong-min Bu³, Jae-woo Park⁴, Hyo-Jin Kim⁵, Kwang-Min Chai⁶

¹Graduate school of Clinical Koran Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

²Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁴Department of Spleen System, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁵Sallim Korean Medicine Clinic, Daegu, Republic of Korea

⁶Seoul University College of Agriculture and Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Correspondence to : 이의주(Eui-ju Lee), 서울특별시 동대문구 회기동 1 경희대학교 한방병원 사상체질과, Tel : +82-2-958-9230, Fax : +82-2-958-9274, E-mail : asangin@daum.net

Received August 08, 2013 Revised September 11, 2013 Accepted February 03, 2014

Abstract

Objectives

This study was to propose a standardized method of retention enema by extracting elements associated with published experimental methods of retention enema.

Methods:

1) Literature search (1) Data sources: Retrieval was made, using ‘Enema’ or ‘Retention Enema’ as search words in Medline, Cochrane library, KISS, RISS, and KDSL DB. (2) Study selection: Two authors excluded irrelevant papers and chose qualified abstracts from the rest of the papers. The chosen studies were reviewed fully by the authors so that they could screen the significant papers based on the exclusion criteria. (3) Data extraction: Data on the total number of subjects, the target disease, the animal species, the type, quality, length, and diameter of catheter, the insertion length of catheter, the sample, the sample volume, the process of retention enema and the number of retention enemas performed were extracted from the selected studies. 2) Performing preliminary experiments about the elements associated with experimental methods of retention enema.

Results & Conclusions:

The standardized experimental method is as follows: animal: 280–320g SD rat 1) inserting a rectal tube of 8 Fr that measures 8 cm into the animal’s anus, 2) injecting herbal medicines at the volume of 6 ml and 3) holding them for 10 minutes.

Keywords: Retention enema, standardized experimental method

Fig. 1

The flow chart for selecting the proper papers for this study

Fig. 2

The basic setting of retention enema

Table 1

The Result of Searching Human Study about ‘Enema’ or ‘Retentionenema’ or ‘Analtherapy’

Author (year)	subject disease	Animal (Species;BW)	No. of subjects	The kind, quality of the material and diameter of catheter	The insertion length of catheter	Sample volume	Sample	Retention time	The method of retention enema	The number of acting retention enema
E. Gaudier et al. (2009)⁸⁾	-	mice; 22.8±0.2g	40	2.4cm steel cannula	-	100μl	100 mM butyrate	10min	After anesthetizing mice mild, vertical position, head down, instillating sample	1 time/day, during 7days
H. Yuceyar et al. (1999)⁹⁾	Colitis	Wistar Albino rats; 180–210g	50	rubber annular 7cm, diameter 2mm	-	0.25ml	a solution containing 30 mg of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid	30sec	-	1 time/day
Lee GU et al. (1998)¹¹⁾	Anaphylaxis	ICR mouse; -	120	stomach sonde	-	40μl	Sochungyong decotion	-	After instillating sample, applying glue to anus	1 time/day
Mustafa sahin et al. (1998)¹⁰⁾	Pancreatitis	SD rat; 210±22g	23	8F feeding catheter	2–3cm	10ml/200g	sodium hydrogen phosphatesolutio ns	-	Just instillating sample by catheter	1 time/5h, 24h, 48h after colitis inducing
M. Machado et al. (2007)⁵⁾	Colitis	male Wistar rats; 250–300g	50	6Fr polyethylene catheter (1F:0.33mm)	-	1ml	Budesonida(1mg/ml)/probiotics(1mg/ml)	30sec	After intillating sample, suspendering rat.	1 time/day,
Song-Ming Guo et al. (2004)¹²⁾	Colitis	Wistar rats; 200±20g	56	nylon hose	8cm	2ml	traditional Chinese medicinal herbs^*	15sec	Just instillating sample by nylon hose	1 time/day, during 28 days
TAKAKO NAKASHIMA et al. (2005)¹⁴⁾	Colitis	SD rat; approximately 250g.	60	-	6cm	1mL/kg	0.3%, 1% Rebamipide	-	-	2 time/day, during 14 days
Tomohisa et al. (2010)¹³⁾	Ulceration	Male Wistar rats; 180–200g	20	-	-	2ml/kg	4% Ecabet sodium	-	-	2times /day, during 7days
Yu You et al. (2009)¹⁵⁾	Colitis	8-week-old male Balb/c mice; -	50	-	-	3ml/20g	N-acetylcysteine	-	-	1 time/day
Zo JY et al. (2002)¹⁶⁾	Anaphylaxis	ICR mouse, & Wister rat; -	24	stomach sonde	-	40μl	Okbyungfung-san decotion	-	After instillating sample, applying glue to anus	1 time/day

* Huangqi (astragalus), Dahuang (caulisfibraureae), Huangbai (cortex phellodendri), Wubeizi (gallachinensis) and Baiji (rhizoma bletillae)

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