AbstractObjectivesThis systematic review endeavors to scrutinize the clinical benefits of Insamyangyeongtang (ISYYT) in managing anemia. ISYYT has been traditionally used to improve fatigue and weakness, symptoms commonly observed in anemic patients. However, no systematic review has yet comprehensively analyzed its effects.
MethodsA systematic search was conducted in Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceON, CNKI, and CiNii databases up to November 15, 2024. Comparative clinical studies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies, were included. The primary outcome was hemoglobin level changes. Meta-analysis was implemented employing a random-effects model. The evidence certainty was appraised as per the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method.
ResultsAn overall of 10 studies (5 RCTs, 1 quasi-RCT, 1 non-randomized controlled trial, and 3 retrospective comparative studies) were included, with sample sizes varying from 18 to 1,061 participants. The meta-analysis showed that ISYYT combined with conventional treatment significantly increased hemoglobin levels compared to conventional treatment alone (mean difference: 0.45 g/dL, 95% CI: 0.17–0.73, p < 0.01). The evidence certainty was assessed as ‘low’ to ‘very low’ based on the criteria of the GRADE framework.
ConclusionsISYYT may have a beneficial effect on hemoglobin levels, particularly when used as an adjunct to conventional anemia treatments. However, due to the high heterogeneity and risk of bias in included studies, further high-quality RCTs are necessary to confirm its clinical efficacy and safety.
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